Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Genesis 3:1

Context
NET ©

Now 1  the serpent 2  was more shrewd 3  than any of the wild animals 4  that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Is it really true that 5  God 6  said, ‘You must not eat from any tree of the orchard’?” 7 

NIV ©

Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, "Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?"

NASB ©

Now the serpent was more crafty than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said to the woman, "Indeed, has God said, ‘You shall not eat from any tree of the garden’?"

NLT ©

Now the serpent was the shrewdest of all the creatures the LORD God had made. "Really?" he asked the woman. "Did God really say you must not eat any of the fruit in the garden?"

MSG ©

The serpent was clever, more clever than any wild animal GOD had made. He spoke to the Woman: "Do I understand that God told you not to eat from any tree in the garden?"

BBE ©

Now the snake was wiser than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said to the woman, Has God truly said that you may not take of the fruit of any tree in the garden?

NRSV ©

Now the serpent was more crafty than any other wild animal that the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, "Did God say, ‘You shall not eat from any tree in the garden’?"

NKJV ©

Now the serpent was more cunning than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said to the woman, "Has God indeed said, ‘You shall not eat of every tree of the garden’ ?"


KJV
Now the serpent
<05175>
was
<01961> (8804)
more subtil
<06175>
than any beast
<02416>
of the field
<07704>
which the LORD
<03068>
God
<0430>
had made
<06213> (8804)_.
And he said
<0559> (8799)
unto the woman
<0802>_,
Yea
<0637>_,
hath God
<0430>
said
<0559> (8804)_,
Ye shall not eat
<0398> (8799)
of every tree
<06086>
of the garden
<01588>_?
{Yea...: Heb. Yea, because, etc.}
NASB ©
Now the serpent
<05175>
was more
<04480>
crafty
<06175>
than
<04480>
any
<03605>
beast
<02421>
of the field
<07704>
which
<0834>
the LORD
<03068>
God
<0430>
had made
<06213>
. And he said
<0559>
to the woman
<0802>
, "Indeed
<0637>
<3588>, has God
<0430>
said
<0559>
, 'You shall not eat
<0398>
from any
<03605>
tree
<06086>
of the garden
<01588>
'?"
HEBREW
Ngh
<01588>
Ue
<06086>
lkm
<03605>
wlkat
<0398>
al
<03808>
Myhla
<0430>
rma
<0559>
yk
<03588>
Pa
<0637>
hsah
<0802>
la
<0413>
rmayw
<0559>
Myhla
<0430>
hwhy
<03068>
hve
<06213>
rsa
<0834>
hdvh
<07704>
tyx
<02416>
lkm
<03605>
Mwre
<06175>
hyh
<01961>
sxnhw (3:1)
<05175>
LXXM
o
<3588
T-NSM
de
<1161
PRT
ofiv
<3789
N-NSM
hn
<1510
V-IAI-3S
fronimwtatov
<5429
A-NSMS
pantwn
<3956
A-GPN
twn
<3588
T-GPN
yhriwn
<2342
N-GPN
twn
<3588
T-GPN
epi
<1909
PREP
thv
<3588
T-GSF
ghv
<1065
N-GSF
wn
<3739
R-GPN
epoihsen
<4160
V-AAI-3S
kuriov
<2962
N-NSM
o
<3588
T-NSM
yeov
<2316
N-NSM
kai
<2532
CONJ
eipen {V-AAI-3S} o
<3588
T-NSM
ofiv
<3789
N-NSM
th
<3588
T-DSF
gunaiki
<1135
N-DSF
ti
<5100
I-ASN
oti
<3754
CONJ
eipen {V-AAI-3S} o
<3588
T-NSM
yeov
<2316
N-NSM
ou
<3364
ADV
mh
<3165
ADV
faghte
<2068
V-AAS-2P
apo
<575
PREP
pantov
<3956
A-GSN
xulou
<3586
N-GSN
tou
<3588
T-GSN
en
<1722
PREP
tw
<3588
T-DSM
paradeisw
<3857
N-DSM
NET © [draft] ITL
Now the serpent
<05175>
was
<01961>
more shrewd
<06175>
than any
<03605>
of the wild
<07704>
animals
<02416>
that
<0834>
the Lord
<03068>
God
<0430>
had
<0834>
made. He
<06213>
said
<0559>
to
<0413>
the woman
<0802>
, “Is it really
<0637>
true that
<03588>
God
<0430>
said
<0559>
, ‘You must not
<03808>
eat
<0398>
from any
<03605>
tree
<06086>
of the orchard
<01588>
’?”
NET ©

Now 1  the serpent 2  was more shrewd 3  than any of the wild animals 4  that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Is it really true that 5  God 6  said, ‘You must not eat from any tree of the orchard’?” 7 

NET © Notes

tn The chapter begins with a disjunctive clause (conjunction + subject + predicate) that introduces a new character and a new scene in the story.

sn Many theologians identify or associate the serpent with Satan. In this view Satan comes in the disguise of a serpent or speaks through a serpent. This explains the serpent’s capacity to speak. While later passages in the Bible may indicate there was a satanic presence behind the serpent (see, for example, Rev 12:9), the immediate context pictures the serpent as simply one of the animals of the field created by God (see vv. 1, 14). An ancient Jewish interpretation explains the reference to the serpent in a literal manner, attributing the capacity to speak to all the animals in the orchard. This text (Jub. 3:28) states, “On that day [the day the man and woman were expelled from the orchard] the mouth of all the beasts and cattle and birds and whatever walked or moved was stopped from speaking because all of them used to speak to one another with one speech and one language [presumed to be Hebrew, see 12:26].” Josephus, Ant. 1.1.4 (1.41) attributes the serpent’s actions to jealousy. He writes that “the serpent, living in the company of Adam and his wife, grew jealous of the blessings which he supposed were destined for them if they obeyed God’s behests, and, believing that disobedience would bring trouble on them, he maliciously persuaded the woman to taste of the tree of wisdom.”

tn The Hebrew word עָרוּם (’arum) basically means “clever.” This idea then polarizes into the nuances “cunning” (in a negative sense, see Job 5:12; 15:5), and “prudent” in a positive sense (Prov 12:16, 23; 13:16; 14:8, 15, 18; 22:3; 27:12). This same polarization of meaning can be detected in related words derived from the same root (see Exod 21:14; Josh 9:4; 1 Sam 23:22; Job 5:13; Ps 83:3). The negative nuance obviously applies in Gen 3, where the snake attempts to talk the woman into disobeying God by using half-truths and lies.

sn There is a wordplay in Hebrew between the words “naked” (עֲרוּמִּים, ’arummim) in 2:25 and “shrewd” (עָרוּם, ’arum) in 3:1. The point seems to be that the integrity of the man and the woman is the focus of the serpent’s craftiness. At the beginning they are naked and he is shrewd; afterward, they will be covered and he will be cursed.

tn Heb “animals of the field.”

tn Heb “Indeed that God said.” The beginning of the quotation is elliptical and therefore difficult to translate. One must supply a phrase like “is it true”: “Indeed, [is it true] that God said.”

sn God. The serpent does not use the expression “Yahweh God” [Lord God] because there is no covenant relationship involved between God and the serpent. He only speaks of “God.” In the process the serpent draws the woman into his manner of speech so that she too only speaks of “God.”

tn Heb “you must not eat from all the tree[s] of the orchard.” After the negated prohibitive verb, מִכֹּל (mikkol, “from all”) has the meaning “from any.” Note the construction in Lev 18:26, where the statement “you must not do from all these abominable things” means “you must not do any of these abominable things.” See Lev 22:25 and Deut 28:14 as well.



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