Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Ezra 1:1

Context
NET ©

1 In the first 2  year of King Cyrus of Persia, in order to fulfill the Lord’s message 3  spoken through 4  Jeremiah, 5  the Lord stirred the mind 6  of King Cyrus of Persia. He disseminated 7  a proclamation 8  throughout his entire kingdom, announcing in a written edict 9  the following:

NIV ©

In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfil the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and to put it in writing:

NASB ©

Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying:

NLT ©

In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, the LORD fulfilled Jeremiah’s prophecy by stirring the heart of Cyrus to put this proclamation into writing and to send it throughout his kingdom:

MSG ©

In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia--this fulfilled the Message of GOD preached by Jeremiah--GOD prodded Cyrus king of Persia to make an official announcement throughout his kingdom. He wrote it out as follows:

BBE ©

Now in the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, in order that the word of the Lord given by the mouth of Jeremiah might come true, the spirit of Cyrus, king of Persia, was moved by the Lord, so that he made a public statement through all his kingdom, and put it in writing, saying,

NRSV ©

In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, in order that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of King Cyrus of Persia so that he sent a herald throughout all his kingdom, and also in a written edict declared:

NKJV ©

Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,


KJV
Now in the first
<0259>
year
<08141>
of Cyrus
<03566>
king
<04428>
of Persia
<06539>_,
that the word
<01697>
of the LORD
<03068>
by the mouth
<06310>
of Jeremiah
<03414>
might be fulfilled
<03615> (8800)_,
the LORD
<03068>
stirred up
<05782> (8689)
the spirit
<07307>
of Cyrus
<03566>
king
<04428>
of Persia
<06539>_,
that he made a proclamation
<05674> (8686) <06963>
throughout all his kingdom
<04438>_,
and [put it] also in writing
<04385>_,
saying
<0559> (8800)_,
{made...: Heb. caused a voice to pass}
NASB ©
Now in the first
<0259>
year
<08141>
of Cyrus
<03566>
king
<04428>
of Persia
<06539>
, in order to fulfill
<03615>
the word
<01697>
of the LORD
<03068>
by the mouth
<06310>
of Jeremiah
<03414>
, the LORD
<03068>
stirred
<05782>
up the spirit
<07307>
of Cyrus
<03566>
king
<04428>
of Persia
<06539>
, so that he sent
<05674>
a proclamation
<06963>
throughout all
<03605>
his kingdom
<04438>
, and also
<01571>
put it in writing
<04385>
, saying
<0559>
:
HEBREW
rmal
<0559>
btkmb
<04385>
Mgw
<01571>
wtwklm
<04438>
lkb
<03605>
lwq
<06963>
rbeyw
<05674>
orp
<06539>
Klm
<04428>
srk
<03566>
xwr
<07307>
ta
<0853>
hwhy
<03068>
ryeh
<05782>
hymry
<03414>
ypm
<06310>
hwhy
<03068>
rbd
<01697>
twlkl
<03615>
orp
<06539>
Klm
<04428>
srwkl
<03566>
txa
<0259>
tnsbw (1:1)
<08141>
LXXM
kai
<2532
CONJ
en
<1722
PREP
tw
<3588
T-DSN
prwtw
<4413
A-DSNS
etei
<2094
N-DSN
kurou {N-GSM} tou
<3588
T-GSM
basilewv
<935
N-GSM
perswn {N-GPM} tou
<3588
T-GSN
telesyhnai
<5055
V-APN
logon
<3056
N-ASM
kuriou
<2962
N-GSM
apo
<575
PREP
stomatov
<4750
N-GSN
ieremiou
<2408
N-GSM
exhgeiren {V-IAI-3S} kuriov
<2962
N-NSM
to
<3588
T-ASN
pneuma
<4151
N-ASN
kurou {N-GSM} basilewv
<935
N-GSM
perswn {N-GPM} kai
<2532
CONJ
parhggeilen
<3853
V-AAI-3S
fwnhn
<5456
N-ASF
en
<1722
PREP
pash
<3956
A-DSF
basileia
<932
N-DSF
autou
<846
D-GSM
kai
<2532
CONJ
ge
<1065
PRT
en
<1722
PREP
graptw {N-DSN} legwn
<3004
V-PAPNS
NET © [draft] ITL
In the first
<0259>
year
<08141>
of King
<04428>
Cyrus
<03566>
of Persia
<06539>
, in order to fulfill
<01697>
the Lord’s
<03068>
message
<01697>
spoken
<06310>
through Jeremiah
<03414>
, the Lord
<03068>
stirred
<05782>
the
<0853>
mind
<07307>
of King
<04428>
Cyrus
<03566>
of Persia
<06539>
. He disseminated
<05674>
a proclamation
<06963>
throughout his entire
<03605>
kingdom
<04438>
, announcing in a written edict
<04385>
the following:
NET ©

1 In the first 2  year of King Cyrus of Persia, in order to fulfill the Lord’s message 3  spoken through 4  Jeremiah, 5  the Lord stirred the mind 6  of King Cyrus of Persia. He disseminated 7  a proclamation 8  throughout his entire kingdom, announcing in a written edict 9  the following:

NET © Notes

sn In addition to the canonical books of Ezra and Nehemiah, there are two deuterocanonical books that are also called “Ezra.” Exactly how these books are designated varies in ancient literature. In the Septuagint (LXX) canonical Ezra is called Second Esdras, but in the Latin Vulgate it is called First Esdras. Our Nehemiah is called Third Esdras in some manuscripts of the LXX, but it is known as Second Esdras in the Latin Vulgate. (In the earliest LXX manuscripts Ezra and Nehemiah were regarded as one book, as they were in some Hebrew manuscripts.) The deuterocanonical books of Ezra are called First and Fourth Esdras in the LXX, but Third and Fourth Esdras in the Latin Vulgate. The titles for the so-called books of Ezra are thus rather confusing, a fact that one must keep in mind when consulting this material.

sn The first year of Cyrus would be ca. 539 B.C. Cyrus reigned in Persia from ca. 539-530 B.C.

tn Heb “the word of the Lord.”

tc The MT reads מִפִּי (mippi, “from the mouth of”), but this should probably be emended to בְּפִי (bÿfi, “by the mouth of”), which is the way the parallel passage in 2 Chr 36:22 reads. This is also reflected in the LXX, which is either reflecting an alternate textual tradition of בְּפִי or is attempting to harmonize Ezra 1:1 in light of 2 Chronicles.

tn Heb “from the mouth of.”

sn Cf. Jer 29:10; 25:11-14. Jeremiah had prophesied that after a time of seventy years the Jews would return “to this place.” How these seventy years are to be reckoned is a matter of debate among scholars. Some understand the period to refer to the approximate length of Babylon’s ascendancy as a world power, beginning either with the fall of Nineveh (612 b.c.) or with Nebuchadnezzar’s coronation (605 b.c.) and continuing till the fall of Babylon to the Persians in 539 b.c. Others take the seventy years to refer to the period from the destruction of the temple in 586 b.c. till its rebuilding in 516 b.c.

tn Heb “spirit.” The Hebrew noun רוּחַ (ruakh, “spirit”) has a broad range of meanings (see BDB 924-26 s.v.). Here, it probably refers to (1) “mind” as the seat of mental acts (e.g., Exod 28:3; Deut 34:9; Isa 29:24; 40:13; Ezek 11:5; 20:32; 1 Chr 28:12; cf. BDB 925 s.v. 6) or (2) “will” as the seat of volitional decisions (e.g., Exod 35:5, 22; Pss 51:12, 14; 57:8; 2 Chr 29:31; cf. BDB 925 s.v. 7). So also in v. 5.

tn Heb “caused to pass.”

tn Heb “a voice.” The Hebrew noun קוֹל (qol, “voice, sound”) has a broad range of meanings, including the metonymical (cause – effect) nuance “proclamation” (e.g., Exod 36:6; 2 Chr 24:9; 30:5; 36:22; Ezra 1:1; 10:7; Neh 8:15). See BDB 877 s.v. 3.a.2.

sn For an interesting extrabiblical parallel to this edict see the Cyrus cylinder (ANET 315-16).

10 tn Heb “in writing, saying.”



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