Jeremiah 13:18
Context“Tell the king and the queen mother,
‘Surrender your thrones, 2
for your glorious crowns
will be removed 3 from your heads. 4
Jeremiah 22:1
Context22:1 The Lord told me, 5 “Go down 6 to the palace of the king of Judah. Give him a message from me there. 7
Jeremiah 25:11
Context25:11 This whole area 8 will become a desolate wasteland. These nations will be subject to the king of Babylon for seventy years.’ 9
Jeremiah 25:14
Context25:14 For many nations and great kings will make slaves of the king of Babylon and his nation 10 too. I will repay them for all they have done!’” 11
Jeremiah 27:14
Context27:14 Do not listen to the prophets who are telling you that you do not need to serve 12 the king of Babylon. For they are prophesying lies to you.
Jeremiah 27:17
Context27:17 Do not listen to them. Be subject to the king of Babylon. Then you 13 will continue to live. Why should this city be made a pile of rubble?’” 14
Jeremiah 28:2-3
Context28:2 “The Lord God of Israel who rules over all 15 says, ‘I will break the yoke of servitude 16 to the king of Babylon. 28:3 Before two years are over, I will bring back to this place everything that King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon took from it and carried away to Babylon.
Jeremiah 30:9
Context30:9 But they will be subject 17 to the Lord their God
and to the Davidic ruler whom I will raise up as king over them. 18
Jeremiah 32:28
Context32:28 Therefore I, the Lord, say: 19 ‘I will indeed hand 20 this city over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and the Babylonian army. 21 They will capture it.
Jeremiah 34:4
Context34:4 However, listen to what I, the Lord, promise you, King Zedekiah of Judah. I, the Lord, promise that 22 you will not die in battle or be executed. 23
Jeremiah 34:8
Context34:8 The Lord spoke to Jeremiah after King Zedekiah had made a covenant 24 with all the people in Jerusalem 25 to grant their slaves their freedom.
Jeremiah 36:20
Context36:20 The officials put the scroll in the room of Elishama, the royal secretary, for safekeeping. 26 Then they went to the court and reported everything 27 to the king. 28
Jeremiah 36:22
Context36:22 Since it was the ninth month of the year, the king was sitting in his winter quarters. 29 A fire was burning in the firepot in front of him. 30
Jeremiah 36:28
Context36:28 “Get another 31 scroll and write on it everything 32 that was written on the original scroll 33 that King Jehoiakim of Judah burned.
Jeremiah 37:19
Context37:19 Where now are the prophets who prophesied to you that 34 the king of Babylon would not attack you or this land?
Jeremiah 38:3
Context38:3 They had also heard him say, 35 “The Lord says, ‘This city will certainly be handed over to the army of the king of Babylon. They will capture it.’” 36
Jeremiah 38:5
Context38:5 King Zedekiah said to them, “Very well, you can do what you want with him. 37 For I cannot do anything to stop you.” 38
Jeremiah 38:26
Context38:26 If they do this, tell 39 them, ‘I was pleading with the king not to send me back to die in the dungeon of Jonathan’s house.’” 40
Jeremiah 39:11
Context39:11 Now King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon had issued orders concerning Jeremiah. He had passed them on through Nebuzaradan, the captain of his royal guard, 41
Jeremiah 46:17
Context46:17 There at home they will say, ‘Pharaoh king of Egypt is just a big noise! 42
He has let the most opportune moment pass by.’ 43
Jeremiah 48:15
Context48:15 Moab will be destroyed. Its towns will be invaded.
Its finest young men will be slaughtered. 44
I, the King, the Lord who rules over all, 45 affirm it! 46
Jeremiah 52:8-9
Context52:8 But the Babylonian army chased after the king. They caught up with Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, 47 and his entire army deserted him. 52:9 They captured him and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah 48 in the territory of Hamath and he passed sentence on him there.
Jeremiah 52:27
Context52:27 The king of Babylon ordered them to be executed 49 at Riblah in the territory of Hamath.
So Judah was taken into exile away from its land.
Jeremiah 52:33-34
Context52:33 Jehoiachin 50 took off his prison clothes and ate daily in the king’s presence for the rest of his life. 52:34 He was given daily provisions by the king of Babylon for the rest of his life until the day he died.
1 tn The words “The
2 tn Or “You will come down from your thrones”; Heb “Make low! Sit!” This is a case of a construction where two forms in the same case, mood, or tense are joined in such a way that one (usually the first) is intended as an adverbial or adjectival modifier of the other (a figure called hendiadys). This is also probably a case where the imperative is used to express a distinct assurance or promise. See GKC 324 §110.b and compare the usage in Isa 37:30 and Ps 110:2.
sn The king and queen mother are generally identified as Jehoiachin and his mother who were taken into captivity with many of the leading people of Jerusalem in 597
3 tn Heb “have come down.” The verb here and those in the following verses are further examples of the “as good as done” form of the Hebrew verb (the prophetic perfect).
4 tc The translation follows the common emendation of a word normally meaning “place at the head” (מַרְאֲשׁוֹת [mar’ashot] plus pronoun = מַרְאֲוֹשׁתֵיכֶם [mar’aoshtekhem]) to “from your heads” (מֵרָאשֵׁיכֶם, mera’shekhem) following the ancient versions. The meaning “tiara” is nowhere else attested for this word.
5 tn The word “me “ is not in the text. It is, however, implicit and is supplied in the translation for clarity.
6 sn The allusion here is to going down from the temple to the palace which was on a lower eminence. See 36:12 in its context.
7 tn Heb “And speak there this word:” The translation is intended to eliminate an awkward and lengthy sentence.
8 tn Heb “All this land.”
9 sn It should be noted that the text says that the nations will be subject to the king of Babylon for seventy years, not that they will lie desolate for seventy years. Though several proposals have been made for dating this period, many ignore this fact. This most likely refers to the period beginning with Nebuchadnezzar’s defeat of Pharaoh Necho at Carchemish in 605
10 tn Heb “make slaves of them.” The verb form here indicates that the action is as good as done (the Hebrew prophetic perfect). For the use of the verb rendered “makes slaves” see parallel usage in Lev 25:39, 46 (cf. BDB 713 s.v. עָבַד 3).
11 tn Heb “according to their deeds and according to the work of their hands.” The two phrases are synonymous; it would be hard to represent them both in translation without being redundant. The translation attempts to represent them by the qualifier “all” before the first phrase.
12 tn The verb in this context is best taken as a negative obligatory imperfect. See IBHS 508 §31.4g for discussion and examples. See Exod 4:15 as an example of positive obligation.
13 tn The imperative with vav (ו) here and in v. 12 after another imperative are a good example of the use of the imperative to introduce a consequence. (See GKC 324-25 §110.f and see Gen 42:18. This is a common verb in this idiom.)
14 tn According to E. W. Bullinger (Figures of Speech, 954) both this question and the one in v. 13 are examples of rhetorical questions of prohibition / “don’t let this city be made a pile of rubble.”
15 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies, the God of Israel.” See the study notes on 2:19 and 7:3 for the explanation of this title.
16 sn See the study note on 27:2 for this figure. Hananiah is given the same title “the prophet” as Jeremiah throughout the chapter and claims to speak with the same authority (compare v. 2a with 27:21a). He even speaks like the true prophet; the verb form “I will break” is in the “prophetic perfect” emphasizing certitude. His message here is a contradiction of Jeremiah’s message recorded in the preceding chapter (compare especially v. 3 with 27:16, 19-22 and v. 4 with 22:24-28). The people and the priests are thus confronted with a choice of whom to believe. Who is the “true” prophet and who is the “false” one? Only fulfillment of their prophecies will prove which is which (see Deut 18:21-22).
17 tn The word “subject” in this verse and “subjugate” are from the same root word in Hebrew. A deliberate contrast is drawn between the two powers that they will serve.
18 tn Heb “and to David their king whom I will raise up for them.”
sn The Davidic ruler which I will raise up as king over them refers to a descendant of David who would be raised up over a regathered and reunited Israel and Judah. He is called “David” in Hos 3:5, Ezek 34:23-24; 37:24-25 and referred to as a shoot or sprig of Jesse in Isa 11:1, 10 and a “righteous branch” springing from David (the Davidic line). He is called “David” because he is from the Davidic line and because David is the type of the ideal king whom the prophets looked forward to. See further the study notes on 23:5 for this ideal king and for his relation to the NT fulfillment in the person of Jesus the Christ.
19 tn Heb “Thus says the
20 tn Heb “Behold, I will give this city into the hand of…”
21 tn Heb “The Chaldeans.” See the study note on 21:4 for further explanation.
22 tn Heb “However, hear the word of the
23 tn Heb “by the sword.”
sn The contrast is between death in battle or by execution and death in the normal course of life. Zedekiah was captured, had to witness the execution of his sons, had his eyes put out, and was taken to Babylon where he died after a lengthy imprisonment (Jer 52:10-11).
24 tn Usually translated “covenant.” See the study note on 11:2 for the rationale for the translation here.
sn There are no details regarding the nature of this covenant, but it was probably a parity covenant in which the people agreed to free their slaves in exchange for some concessions from the king (see the study note on 11:2 for more details on the nature of ancient Near Eastern covenants). More details about this covenant are given in vv. 15, 18-19 where it is said to have been made before the
25 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
26 tn Heb “they deposited.” For the usage of the verb here see BDB 824 s.v. פָּקַד Hiph.2.b and compare the usage in Jer 37:21 where it is used for “confining” Jeremiah in the courtyard of the guardhouse.
27 tn Heb “all the matters.” Compare the translator’s note on v. 16.
28 tn Both here and in the next verse the Hebrew has “in the ears of” before “the king” (and also before “all the officials”). As in v. 15 these words are not represented in the translation due to the awkwardness of the idiom in contemporary English (see the translator’s note on v. 15).
29 tn Heb “in the autumn house.” Commentators are agreed that this was not a separate building or palace but the winter quarters in the palace.
sn Larger houses, including the palace, were two-storied buildings with a lower quarters better suited for the cold of winter and an upper quarters which was better ventilated to provide cool in the summer. Since this was the ninth month (December) the king had taken up residence in the lower, warmer quarters which were equipped with a portable fire pot or brazier to keep him warm.
30 tc Heb “the fire in the firepot was burning before him.” The translation assumes that the word “fire” (אֵשׁ, ’esh) has dropped out after the particle אֶת (’et) because of the similar beginnings of the two words. The word “fire” is found in the Greek, Syriac, and Targumic translations according to BHS. The particle אֵת should be retained rather than dropped as an erroneous writing of אֵשׁ. Its presence is to be explained as the usage of the sign of the accusative introducing a new subject (cf. BDB 85 s.v. אֶת 3.α and compare the usage in 27:8; 38:16 [in the Kethib]; 45:4).
31 tn Heb “Return, take another.” The verb “return” is used in the sense of repetition “take again” (cf. BDB 998 s.v. שׁוּב Qal.8). The idea is already contained in “Get another” so most modern English versions do not represent it.
32 tn Heb “all the former words/things.”
33 tn Heb “first [or former] scroll.”
34 tn Heb “And where are your prophets who prophesied to you, saying, ‘The king of Babylon will not come against you or against this land?’” The indirect quote has been used in the translation because of its simpler, more direct style.
35 tn The words “They had also heard him say,” are not in the Hebrew text. They are supplied in the translation for clarity so as to avoid any possible confusion that might be created by saying merely “And the
36 sn See Jer 21:10; 32:28; 34:2; 37:8 for this same prophecy. Jeremiah had repeatedly said this or words to the same effect.
37 tn Heb “Behold, he is in your hands [= power/control].”
38 tn Heb “For the king cannot do a thing with/against you.” The personal pronoun “I” is substituted in the English translation due to differences in style; Hebrew style often uses the third person or the title in speaking of oneself but English rarely if ever does. Compare the common paraphrasis of “your servant” for “I” in Hebrew (cf. BDB 714 s.v. עֶבֶד 6 and usage in 1 Sam 20:7, 8) and compare the usage in Pss 63:11 (63:12 HT); 61:6 (61:7 HT) where the king is praying for himself. For the meaning of יָכֹל (yakhol) as “to be able to do anything,” see BDB 407 s.v. יָכֹל 1.g.
39 tn Verses 25-26 form a long compound, complex conditional sentence. The condition is found in v. 25 and contains a long quote. The consequence is found in v. 26 and contains another long quote. The Hebrew sentence literally reads: “And if the officials hear that I have talked with you and come to you and say to you, ‘Please tell us what you said to the king. Do not hide from us and we will not kill you [so that we will not kill you] and [tell us] what the king said to you,’ then tell them.” The sentence has been broken up to better conform with contemporary English style.
40 tn Heb “I was causing to fall [= presenting] my petition before the king not to send me back to Jonathan’s house to die there.” The word “dungeon of” is supplied in the translation to help the reader connect this petition with Jeremiah’s earlier place of imprisonment where the officials had put him with every intention of letting him die there (37:15-16, 20).
sn See Jer 37:15-16, 20.
41 tn Heb “And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon commanded concerning Jeremiah by the hand of Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, saying.” Since Nebuchadnezzar is at Riblah (v. 6) and Nebuzaradan and the other officers named in the next verse are at Jerusalem, the vav consecutive imperfect should again be translated as a pluperfect (see 38:2 and the translator’s notes there for explanation). For the meaning of “through” or “through the agency of” for the phrase בְּיַד (bÿyad) see BDB 391 s.v. יָד 5.d. The sentence has been broken up to better conform with contemporary English style.
42 tn Heb “is a noise.” The addition of “just a big” is contextually motivated and is supplied in the translation to suggest the idea of sarcasm. The reference is probably to his boast in v. 8.
43 tn Heb “he has let the appointed time pass him by.” It is unclear what is meant by the reference to “appointed time” other than the fact that Pharaoh has missed his opportunity to do what he claimed to be able to do. The Greek text is again different here. It reads “Call the name of Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt Saon esbeie moed,” reading קִרְאוּ שֵׁם (qir’u shem) for קָרְאוּ שָׁם (qor’u) and transliterating the last line.
44 tn Heb “will go down to the slaughter.”
45 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies.” For an explanation of the translation and meaning of this title see the study note on 2:19.
46 tn Heb “Oracle of the King whose name is Yahweh of armies.” The first person form has again been adopted because the
47 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
48 sn Riblah was a strategic town on the Orontes River in Syria. It was at a crossing of the major roads between Egypt and Mesopotamia. Pharaoh Necho had earlier received Jehoahaz there and put him in chains (2 Kgs 23:33) prior to taking him captive to Egypt. Nebuchadnezzar had set up his base camp for conducting his campaigns against the Palestinian states there and was now sitting in judgment on prisoners brought to him.
49 tn Heb “struck them down and killed them.”
50 tn The subject is unstated in the Hebrew text, but Jehoiachin is clearly the subject of the following verb.