Discovery BoxRevelation 1:7 
Context1:7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, 1
and every eye will see him,
even 2 those who pierced him, 3
and all the tribes 4 on the earth will mourn because 5 of him.
This will certainly come to pass! 6 Amen.) 7
Revelation 3:10
Context3:10 Because you have kept 8 my admonition 9 to endure steadfastly, 10 I will also keep you from the hour of testing that is about to come on the whole world to test those who live on the earth.
Revelation 6:4
Context6:4 And another horse, fiery red, 11 came out, and the one who rode it 12 was granted permission 13 to take peace from the earth, so that people would butcher 14 one another, and he was given a huge sword.
Revelation 6:15
Context6:15 Then 15 the kings of the earth, the 16 very important people, the generals, 17 the rich, the powerful, and everyone, slave 18 and free, hid themselves in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains.
Revelation 7:2
Context7:2 Then 19 I saw another angel ascending from the east, 20 who had 21 the seal 22 of the living God. He 23 shouted out with a loud voice to the four angels who had been given permission 24 to damage the earth and the sea: 25
Revelation 8:5
Context8:5 Then 26 the angel took the censer, filled it with fire from the altar, and threw it on the earth, and there were crashes of thunder, roaring, 27 flashes of lightning, and an earthquake.
Revelation 9:1
Context9:1 Then 28 the fifth angel blew his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from the sky 29 to the earth, and he was given the key to the shaft of the abyss. 30
Revelation 9:4
Context9:4 They 31 were told 32 not to damage the grass of the earth, or any green plant or tree, but only those people 33 who did not have the seal of God on their 34 forehead.
Revelation 10:6
Context10:6 and swore by the one who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, and the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it, “There will be no more delay! 35
Revelation 12:9
Context12:9 So 36 that huge dragon – the ancient serpent, the one called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world – was thrown down to the earth, and his angels along with him.
Revelation 13:8
Context13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, 37 everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world 38 in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 39
Revelation 13:12
Context13:12 He 40 exercised all the ruling authority 41 of the first beast on his behalf, 42 and made the earth and those who inhabit it worship the first beast, the one whose lethal wound had been healed.
Revelation 14:6-7
Context14:6 Then 43 I saw another 44 angel flying directly overhead, 45 and he had 46 an eternal gospel to proclaim 47 to those who live 48 on the earth – to every nation, tribe, 49 language, and people. 14:7 He declared 50 in a loud voice: “Fear God and give him glory, because the hour of his judgment has arrived, and worship the one who made heaven and earth, the sea and the springs of water!”
Revelation 16:1-2
Context16:1 Then 51 I heard a loud voice from the temple declaring to the seven angels: “Go and pour out on the earth the seven bowls containing God’s wrath.” 52 16:2 So 53 the first angel 54 went and poured out his bowl on the earth. Then 55 ugly and painful sores 56 appeared on the people 57 who had the mark of the beast and who worshiped his image.
Revelation 16:14
Context16:14 For they are the spirits of the demons performing signs who go out to the kings of the earth 58 to bring them together for the battle that will take place on the great day of God, the All-Powerful. 59
Revelation 16:18
Context16:18 Then 60 there were flashes of lightning, roaring, 61 and crashes of thunder, and there was a tremendous earthquake – an earthquake unequaled since humanity 62 has been on the earth, so tremendous was that earthquake.
Revelation 18:9
Context18:9 Then 63 the kings of the earth who committed immoral acts with her and lived in sensual luxury 64 with her will weep and wail for her when they see the smoke from the fire that burns her up. 65
Revelation 19:2
Context19:2 because his judgments are true and just. 66
For he has judged 67 the great prostitute
who corrupted the earth with her sexual immorality,
and has avenged the blood of his servants 68 poured out by her own hands!” 69
Revelation 19:19
Context19:19 Then 70 I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies assembled to do battle with the one who rode the horse and with his army.
Revelation 20:8-9
Context20:8 and will go out to deceive 71 the nations at the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, 72 to bring them together for the battle. They are as numerous as the grains of sand in the sea. 73 20:9 They 74 went up 75 on the broad plain of the earth 76 and encircled 77 the camp 78 of the saints and the beloved city, but 79 fire came down from heaven and devoured them completely. 80
Revelation 20:11
Context20:11 Then 81 I saw a large 82 white throne and the one who was seated on it; the earth and the heaven 83 fled 84 from his presence, and no place was found for them.
2 tn Here καί (kai) was translated as ascensive.
3 sn An allusion to Zech 12:10.
4 tn In this context, tribes (φυλαί, fulai) could also be translated as “nations” or “peoples” (L&N 11.56).
5 tn The conjunction ἐπί (epi) is most likely causal here. The people who crucified him are those of every tribe on the earth and they will mourn because he comes as judge.
6 tn Grk “Yes, Amen.” The expression “This will certainly come to pass” is an attempt to capture the force of the juxtaposition of the Greek ναί (nai) and the Hebrew ἀμήν (amhn). See L&N 69.1.
7 sn These lines are placed in parentheses because they form an aside to the main argument.
8 tn Or “obey.” For the translation of τηρέω (threw) as “obey” see L&N 36.19. In the Greek there is a wordplay: “because you have kept my word…I will keep you,” though the meaning of τηρέω is different each time.
9 tn The Greek term λόγον (logon) is understood here in the sense of admonition or encouragement.
10 tn Or “to persevere.” Here ὑπομονῆς (Jupomonhs) has been translated as a genitive of reference/respect related to τὸν λόγον (ton logon).
11 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
12 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
13 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”
14 tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
16 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated; nor is it translated before each of the following categories, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
17 tn Grk “chiliarchs.” A chiliarch was normally a military officer commanding a thousand soldiers, but here probably used of higher-ranking commanders like generals (see L&N 55.15; cf. Rev 6:15).
18 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
20 tn Grk “from the rising of the sun.” BDAG 74 s.v. ἀνατολή 2.a takes this as a geographical direction: “ἀπὸ ἀ. ἡλίου…from the east Rv 7:2; 16:12…simply ἀπὸ ἀ. …21:13.”
21 tn Grk “having,” but v. 3 makes it clear that the angel’s purpose is to seal others with the seal he carries.
22 tn Or “signet” (L&N 6.54).
23 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
24 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “to whom it was given to them to damage the earth.”
25 tn Grk “saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
26 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
27 tn Or “sounds,” “voices.” It is not entirely clear what this refers to. BDAG 1071 s.v. φωνή 1 states, “In Rv we have ἀστραπαὶ καὶ φωναὶ καὶ βρονταί (cp. Ex 19:16) 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18 (are certain other sounds in nature thought of here in addition to thunder, as e.g. the roar of the storm?…).”
28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
29 tn Or “from heaven” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
30 tn On this term BDAG 2 s.v. ἄβυσσος 2 states, “netherworld, abyss, esp. the abode of the dead Ro 10:7 (Ps 106:26) and of demons Lk 8:31; dungeon where the devil is kept Rv 20:3; abode of the θηρίον, the Antichrist 11:7; 17:8; of ᾿Αβαδδών (q.v.), the angel of the underworld 9:11…φρέαρ τῆς ἀ. 9:1f; capable of being sealed 9:1; 20:1, 3.”
31 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
32 tn The dative indirect object (αὐταῖς, autais) was converted into the subject (“they”) as this more closely approximates English usage. The following ἵ῞να (Jina) is taken as substantival, introducing a direct object clause. In this case, because it is reported speech, the ἵνα is similar to the declarative ὅτι (Joti).
33 tn Grk “men”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used in a generic sense here of both men and women.
34 tn The article τῶν (twn) has been translated as a possessive pronoun here (ExSyn 215).
35 tn On this phrase see BDAG 1092 s.v. χρόνος.
36 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.
37 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
38 tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.
39 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
40 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
41 tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
42 tn For this meaning see BDAG 342 s.v. ἐνώπιον 4.b, “by the authority of, on behalf of Rv 13:12, 14; 19:20.”
43 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
44 tc Most
45 tn L&N 1.10 states, “a point or region of the sky directly above the earth – ‘high in the sky, midpoint in the sky, directly overhead, straight above in the sky.’”
46 tn Grk “having.”
47 tn Or “an eternal gospel to announce as good news.”
48 tn Grk “to those seated on the earth.”
49 tn Grk “and tribe,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
50 tn Grk “people, saying.” In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence. For the translation of λέγω (legw) as “declare,” see BDAG 590 s.v. 2.e.
51 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
52 tn Or “anger.” Here τοῦ θυμοῦ (tou qumou) has been translated as a genitive of content.
53 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the directions given by the voice from the temple.
54 tn Grk “the first”; the referent (the first angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
55 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
56 tn Or “ulcerated sores”; the term in the Greek text is singular but is probably best understood as a collective singular.
57 tn Grk ‘the men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.
58 tn BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 1 states, “the inhabited earth, the world…ὅλη ἡ οἰκ. the whole inhabited earth…Mt 24:14; Ac 11:28; Rv 3:10; 16:14.”
59 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
60 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
61 tn Or “sounds,” “voices.” It is not entirely clear what this refers to. BDAG 1071 s.v. φωνή 1 states, “In Rv we have ἀστραπαὶ καὶ φωναὶ καὶ βρονταί (cp. Ex 19:16) 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18 (are certain other sounds in nature thought of here in addition to thunder, as e.g. the roar of the storm?…).”
62 tn The singular ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used generically here to refer to the human race.
63 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
64 tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”
65 tn Grk “from the burning of her.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burns her up,” see L&N 14.63.
66 tn Compare the similar phrase in Rev 16:7.
67 tn Or “has punished.” See BDAG 568 s.v. κρίνω 5.b.α, describing the OT background which involves both the vindication of the innocent and the punishment of the guilty.
68 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
69 tn Grk “from her hand” (referring to her responsibility in causing the blood of God’s followers to be shed).
70 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
71 tn Or “mislead.”
72 sn The battle with Gog and Magog is described in the OT in Ezek 38:1-39:20.
73 tn Grk “of whom the number of them [is] like the sand of the sea” (an allusion to Isa 10:22).
74 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
75 tn The shift here to past tense reflects the Greek text.
76 tn On the phrase “broad plain of the earth” BDAG 823 s.v. πλάτος states, “τὸ πλάτος τῆς γῆς Rv 20:9 comes fr. the OT (Da 12:2 LXX. Cp. Hab 1:6; Sir 1:3), but the sense is not clear: breadth = the broad plain of the earth is perh. meant to provide room for the countless enemies of God vs. 8, but the ‘going up’ is better suited to Satan (vs. 7) who has recently been freed, and who comes up again fr. the abyss (vs. 3).” The referent here thus appears to be a plain large enough to accommodate the numberless hoards that have drawn up for battle against the Lord Christ and his saints.
77 tn Or “surrounded.”
78 tn On the term παρεμβολή (parembolh) BDAG 775 s.v. states, “Mostly used as a military t.t.…so always in our lit.…1. a (fortified) camp…ἡ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἁγίων Rv 20:9 is also to be understood fr. the OT use of the word.”
79 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
80 tn See L&N 20.45 for the translation of κατεσθίω (katesqiw) as “to destroy utterly, to consume completely.”
81 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
82 tn Traditionally, “great,” but μέγας (megas) here refers to size rather than importance.
83 tn Or “and the sky.” The same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky,” and context usually determines which is meant. In this apocalyptic scene, however, it is difficult to be sure what referent to assign the term.
84 tn Or “vanished.”
sn The phrase the earth and the heaven fled from his presence can be understood (1) as visual imagery representing the fear of corruptible matter in the presence of God, but (2) it can also be understood more literally as the dissolution of the universe as we know it in preparation for the appearance of the new heaven and new earth (Rev 21:1).
