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Acts 4:27

Context

4:27 “For indeed both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of Israel, assembled together in this city against 1  your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, 2 

Acts 5:39

Context
5:39 but if 3  it is from God, you will not be able to stop them, or you may even be found 4  fighting against God.” He convinced them, 5 

Acts 6:13

Context
6:13 They brought forward false witnesses who said, “This man does not stop saying things against this holy place 6  and the law. 7 

Acts 7:60

Context
7:60 Then he fell 8  to his knees and cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!” 9  When 10  he had said this, he died. 11 

Acts 9:24

Context
9:24 but Saul learned of their plot against him. 12  They were also watching 13  the city gates 14  day and night so that they could kill him.

Acts 16:22

Context

16:22 The crowd joined the attack 15  against them, and the magistrates tore the clothes 16  off Paul and Silas 17  and ordered them to be beaten with rods. 18 

Acts 17:7

Context
17:7 and 19  Jason has welcomed them as guests! They 20  are all acting against Caesar’s 21  decrees, saying there is another king named 22  Jesus!” 23 

Acts 23:29

Context
23:29 I found he 24  was accused with reference to controversial questions 25  about their law, but no charge against him deserved death or imprisonment. 26 

Acts 24:1

Context
The Accusations Against Paul

24:1 After five days the high priest Ananias 27  came down with some elders and an attorney 28  named 29  Tertullus, and they 30  brought formal charges 31  against Paul to the governor.

Acts 24:19

Context
24:19 But there are some Jews from the province of Asia 32  who should be here before you and bring charges, 33  if they have anything against me.

Acts 25:3

Context
25:3 Requesting him to do them a favor against Paul, 34  they urged Festus 35  to summon him to Jerusalem, planning an ambush 36  to kill him along the way.

Acts 25:5

Context
25:5 “So,” he said, “let your leaders 37  go down there 38  with me, and if this man has done anything wrong, 39  they may bring charges 40  against him.”

Acts 25:15

Context
25:15 When I was in Jerusalem, 41  the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed 42  me about him, 43  asking for a sentence of condemnation 44  against him.

Acts 28:18-19

Context
28:18 When 45  they had heard my case, 46  they wanted to release me, 47  because there was no basis for a death sentence 48  against me. 28:19 But when the Jews objected, 49  I was forced to appeal to Caesar 50  – not that I had some charge to bring 51  against my own people. 52 

Acts 28:22

Context
28:22 But we would like to hear from you what you think, for regarding this sect we know 53  that people 54  everywhere speak against 55  it.”

1 sn The application of Ps 2:1-2 is that Jews and Gentiles are opposing Jesus. The surprise of the application is that Jews are now found among the enemies of God’s plan.

2 sn A wordplay on “Christ,” v. 26, which means “one who has been anointed.”

3 tn This is expressed in a first class condition, in contrast to the condition in v. 38b, which is third class. As such, v. 39 is rhetorically presented as the more likely option.

4 tn According to L&N 39.32, the verb εὑρεθῆτε (Jeureqhte, an aorist passive subjunctive) may also be translated “find yourselves” – “lest you find yourselves fighting against God.” The Jewish leader Gamaliel is shown contemplating the other possible alternative about what is occurring.

5 tn Grk “They were convinced by him.” This passive construction was converted to an active one (“He convinced them”) in keeping with contemporary English style. The phrase “He convinced them” is traditionally placed in Acts 5:40 by most English translations; the standard Greek critical text (represented by NA27 and UBS4) places it at the end of v. 39.

6 sn This holy place is a reference to the temple.

7 sn The law refers to the law of Moses. It elaborates the nature of the blasphemy in v. 11. To speak against God’s law in Torah was to blaspheme God (Deut 28:15-19). On the Jewish view of false witnesses, see Exod 19:16-18; 20:16; m. Sanhedrin 3.6; 5.1-5. Stephen’s speech in Acts 7 may indicate why the temple was mentioned.

8 tn Grk “Then falling to his knees he cried out.” The participle θείς (qeis) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

9 sn The remarks Lord Jesus, receive my spirit and Lord, do not hold this sin against them recall statements Jesus made on the cross (Luke 23:34, 46).

10 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.

11 tn The verb κοιμάω (koimaw) literally means “sleep,” but it is often used in the Bible as a euphemism for the death of a believer.

12 tn The words “against him” are implied, as suggested by L&N 30.71.

13 tn Or “guarding.” This is a negative term in Luke-Acts (Luke 6:7; 14:1; 20:20).

14 tn The word πύλη (pulh) may refer to a house door or gate, or to the large gates used in a palace, temple, or city wall. Here the context clearly indicates a reference to the latter, so the translation “city gates” is used.

15 tn L&N 39.50 has “the crowd joined the attack against them” for συνεπέστη (sunepesth) in this verse.

16 tn Grk “tearing the clothes off them, the magistrates ordered.” The participle περιρήξαντες (perirhxante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Although it may be possible to understand the aorist active participle περιρήξαντες in a causative sense (“the magistrates caused the clothes to be torn off Paul and Silas”) in the mob scene that was taking place, it is also possible that the magistrates themselves actively participated. This act was done to prepare them for a public flogging (2 Cor 11:25; 1 Thess 2:2).

17 tn Grk “off them”; the referents (Paul and Silas) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

18 tn The infinitive ῥαβδίζειν (rJabdizein) means “to beat with rods or sticks” (as opposed to fists or clubs, BDAG 902 s.v. ῥαβδίζω).

19 tn Grk “whom.” Because of the awkwardness in English of having two relative clauses follow one another (“who have stirred up trouble…whom Jason has welcomed”) the relative pronoun here (“whom”) has been replaced by the conjunction “and,” creating a clause that is grammatically coordinate but logically subordinate in the translation.

20 tn Grk “and they.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun.

21 tn Or “the emperor’s” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

22 tn The word “named” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied for clarity.

23 sn Acting…saying…Jesus. The charges are serious, involving sedition (Luke 23:2). If the political charges were true, Rome would have to react.

24 tn Grk “whom I found.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been changed to a personal pronoun (“he”) and a new sentence begun in the translation at this point.

25 tn BDAG 428 s.v. ζήτημα states, “in our lit. only in Ac, w. the mng. it still has in Mod. Gk. (controversial) question, issue, argumentAc 15:2; 26:3. ζ. περί τινος questions about someth.…18:15; 25:19. – In 23:29, since περί had already been used, the subj. of the discussion is added in the gen. ζ. τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν.”

sn With reference to controversial questions. Note how the “neutral” Roman authorities saw the issue. This was a religious rather than a civil dispute. See Acts 18:15.

26 tn Grk “but having no charge worthy of death or imprisonment.” BDAG 273-74 s.v. ἔγκλημα 1 has “legal t.t.…. ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν a charge deserving death or imprisonment 23:29.”

sn Despite the official assessment that no charge against him deserved death or imprisonment, there was no effort to release Paul.

27 sn Ananias was in office from a.d. 47-59.

28 tn The term refers to a professional advocate (BDAG 905 s.v. ῥήτωρ).

29 tn Grk “an attorney, a certain Tertullus.”

30 tn Grk “who” (plural). Because in English the relative pronoun “who” could be understood to refer only to the attorney Tertullus and not to the entire group, it has been replaced with the third person plural pronoun “they.” “And” has been supplied to provide the connection to the preceding clause.

31 tn BDAG 326 s.v. ἐμφανίζω 3 has “. τινὶ κατά τινος bring formal charges against someoneAc 24:1; 25:2.”

32 tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

33 tn BDAG 533 s.v. κατηγορέω 1 states, “nearly always as legal t.t.: bring charges in court.” L&N 33.427 states for κατηγορέω (kathgorew), “to bring serious charges or accusations against someone, with the possible connotation of a legal or court context – ‘to accuse, to bring charges.’”

sn Who should be here…and bring charges. Paul was asking, where were those who brought about his arrest and claimed he broke the law? His accusers were not really present. This subtle point raised the issue of injustice.

34 tn Grk “Requesting a favor against him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation, the understood direct object of “requesting” has been supplied, and the phrase “to do them” supplied for clarity.

35 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Festus) has been specified in the translation for clarity. The words “they urged him” are in v. 2 in the Greek text.

36 sn Planning an ambush. The Jewish leadership had not forgotten the original plan of several years ago (see 23:16). They did not trust the Roman legal process, but preferred to take matters into their own hands.

37 tn Grk “let those who are influential among you” (i.e., the powerful).

38 tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

39 tn Grk “and if there is anything wrong with this man,” but this could be misunderstood in English to mean a moral or physical defect, while the issue in context is the commission of some crime, something legally improper (BDAG 149 s.v. ἄτοπος 2).

40 tn BDAG 533 s.v. κατηγορέω 1 states, “nearly always as legal t.t.: bring charges in court.” L&N 33.427 states for κατηγορέω, “to bring serious charges or accusations against someone, with the possible connotation of a legal or court context – ‘to accuse, to bring charges.”

41 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

42 tn BDAG 326 s.v. ἐμφανίζω 3 has “to convey a formal report about a judicial matter, present evidence, bring charges. περί τινος concerning someone 25:15.”

43 tn Grk “about whom.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been replaced with a personal pronoun (“him”) and a new sentence started in the translation at the beginning of v. 15 (where the phrase περὶ οὗ [peri Jou] occurs in the Greek text).

44 tn BDAG 516 s.v. καταδίκη states, “condemnation, sentence of condemnation, conviction, guilty verdictαἰτεῖσθαι κατά τινος κ. ask for a conviction of someone Ac 25:15.”

45 tn Grk “who when.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“who”) has been replaced by the personal pronoun (“they”) and a new sentence begun at this point in the translation.

46 tn Or “had questioned me”; or “had examined me.” BDAG 66 s.v. ἀνακρίνω 2 states, “to conduct a judicial hearing, hear a case, question.”

47 sn They wanted to release me. See Acts 25:23-27.

48 tn Grk “no basis for death,” but in this context a sentence of death is clearly indicated.

49 tn That is, objected to my release.

50 tn Or “to the emperor” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

51 tn BDAG 533 s.v. κατηγορέω 1 states, “nearly always as legal t.t.: bring charges in court.” L&N 33.427 states for κατηγορέω, “to bring serious charges or accusations against someone, with the possible connotation of a legal or court context – ‘to accuse, to bring charges.’”

52 tn Or “my own nation.”

53 tn Grk “regarding this sect it is known to us.” The passive construction “it is known to us” has been converted to an active one to simplify the translation.

54 tn Grk “that everywhere it is spoken against.” To simplify the translation the passive construction “it is spoken against” has been converted to an active one with the subject “people” supplied.

55 tn On the term translated “speak against,” see BDAG 89 s.v. ἀντιλέγω 1.



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