Lamentations 1:5

ה (He) Her foes subjugated her; ¹  her enemies are at ease. ²  For the Lord afflicted her because of her many acts of rebellion. ³  Her children went away captive ⁴  before the enemy.

Le 26:15-46; Le 26:17; De 4:25-27; De 28:15-68; De 28:43,44; De 29:18-28; De 31:16-18,29; De 32:15-27; 2Ch 36:14-16; Ne 9:33,34; Ps 80:6; Ps 89:42; Ps 90:7,8; Isa 63:18; Jer 5:3-9,29; Jer 12:7; Jer 23:14; Jer 30:14,15; Jer 39:9; Jer 44:21,22; Jer 52:27-30; La 1:18; La 2:17; La 3:39-43; La 3:46; Eze 8:17,18; Eze 9:9; Eze 22:24-31; Da 9:7-16; Mic 3:9-12; Mic 7:8-10; Zep 3:1-8

¹ tn Heb “her foes became [her] head” (הָיוּ צָרֶיהָ לְרֹאשׁ, hayu tsareha lÿro’sh) or more idiomatically “have come out on top.” This is a Semitic idiom for domination or subjugation, with “head” as a metaphor for leader.

² tn The nuance expressed in the LXX is that her enemies prosper (cf. KJV, NASB, NRSV, NLT).

³ tn Heb “because of her many rebellions.” The plural פְּשָׁעֶיהָ (pÿsha’eha, “her rebellions”) is an example of the plural of repeated action or characteristic behavior (see IBHS 121 §7.4.2c). The 3rd person feminine singular suffix (“her”) probably functions as a subjective genitive: “her rebellions” = “she has rebelled.”

⁴ tn The singular noun שְׁבִי (shÿvi) is a collective singular, meaning “captives, prisoners.” It functions as an adverbial accusative of state: “[they] went away as captives.”