Jeremiah 10:25

Vent your anger on the nations that do not acknowledge you. ¹  Vent it on the peoples ²  who do not worship you. ³  For they have destroyed the people of Jacob. ⁴  They have completely destroyed them ⁵  and left their homeland in utter ruin.

Job 18:21; Ps 14:4; Ps 27:2; Ps 79:6,7; Isa 43:22; Isa 64:7; Jer 8:16; Jer 50:7,17; Jer 51:34,35; La 2:22; Eze 25:6-8; Eze 35:5-10; Ob 1:10-16; Zep 1:6; Zec 1:15; Joh 17:25; Ac 17:23; 1Co 15:34; 1Th 4:5; 2Th 1:8

¹ tn Heb “know you.” For this use of the word “know” (יָדַע, yada’) see the note on 9:3.

² tn Heb “tribes/clans.”

³ tn Heb “who do not call on your name.” The idiom “to call on your name” (directed to God) refers to prayer (mainly) and praise. See 1 Kgs 18:24-26 and Ps 116:13, 17. Here “calling on your name” is parallel to “acknowledging you.” In many locations in the OT “name” is equivalent to the person. In the OT, the “name” reflected the person’s character (cf. Gen 27:36; 1 Sam 25:25) or his reputation (Gen 11:4; 2 Sam 8:13). To speak in a person’s name was to act as his representative or carry his authority (1 Sam 25:9; 1 Kgs 21:8). To call someone’s name over something was to claim it for one’s own (2 Sam 12:28).

⁴ tn Heb “have devoured Jacob.”

⁵ tn Or “have almost completely destroyed them”; Heb “they have devoured them and consumed them.” The figure of hyperbole is used here; elsewhere Jeremiah and God refer to the fact that they will not be completely consumed. See for example 4:27; 5:10, 18.