4:1 After these things I looked, and there was 11 a door standing open in heaven! 12 And the first voice I had heard speaking to me 13 like a trumpet 14 said: “Come up here so that 15 I can show you what must happen after these things.”
8:7 The 30 first angel blew his trumpet, and there was hail and fire mixed with blood, and it was thrown at the earth so that 31 a third of the earth was burned up, a third of the trees were burned up, and all the green grass was burned up.
8:12 Then 32 the fourth angel blew his trumpet, and a third of the sun was struck, and a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of them were darkened. And there was no light for a third of the day 33 and for a third of the night likewise.
14:13 Then 60 I heard a voice from heaven say, “Write this:
‘Blessed are the dead,
those who die in the Lord from this moment on!’”
“Yes,” says the Spirit, “so they can rest from their hard work, 61 because their deeds will follow them.” 62
1 tn Grk “is about to throw some of you,” but the force is causative in context.
2 tn Or “tempted.”
3 tn Or “experience persecution,” “will be in distress” (see L&N 22.2).
4 tn Grk “crown of life,” with the genitive “of life” (τῆς ζωῆς, th" zwh") functioning in apposition to “crown” (στέφανον, stefanon): “the crown that consists of life.”
5 sn See Num 22-24; 31:16.
6 tn That is, a cause for sinning. An alternate translation is “who instructed Balak to cause the people of Israel to sin by eating food sacrificed to idols…”
7 tn Grk “sons,” but the expression υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ (Juioi Israhl) is an idiom for the people of Israel as an ethnic entity (see L&N 11.58).
8 tn Due to the actual events in the OT (Num 22-24; 31:16), πορνεῦσαι (porneusai) is taken to mean “sexual immorality.” BDAG 854 s.v. πορνεύω 1 states, “engage in illicit sex, to fornicate, to whore…W. φαγεῖν εἰδωλόθυτα ‘eat meat offered to idols’ Rv 2:14, 20.”
9 sn That is, the teaching of Jezebel (v. 20).
10 tn Grk “deep things.” For the translation “deep secrets” see L&N 28.76; cf. NAB, NIV, CEV.
11 tn Grk “and behold.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) at the beginning of this statement has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
12 tn Or “in the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
13 tn Grk “with me.” The translation “with me” implies that John was engaged in a dialogue with the one speaking to him (e.g., Jesus or an angel) when in reality it was a one-sided conversation, with John doing all the listening. For this reason, μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ (met’ emou, “with me”) was translated as “to me.”
14 sn The phrase speaking to me like a trumpet refers back to Rev 1:10.
15 tn The conjunction καί (kai), much like the vav-consecutive in Hebrew, appears to be introducing a final/purpose clause here rather than a coordinate clause.
16 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the summons by the fourth creature.
17 tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to have come through the
18 tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).
19 tn A sickly pallor, when referring to persons, or the green color of plants. BDAG 1085 s.v. χλωρός 2 states, “pale, greenish gray…as the color of a pers. in sickness contrasted with appearance in health…so the horse ridden by Death…ἵππος χλωρός Rv 6:8.” Because the color of the horse is symbolic, “pale green” is used in the translation. Cf. NIV, NCV “pale”; NASB “ashen.”
20 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
21 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
22 tn Grk “And Hades was following with him.” The Greek expression μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ (met’ autou, “with him”) is Semitic and indicates close proximity. The translation “followed right behind” reflects this.
23 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
24 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
25 tn Grk “with death.” θάνατος (qanatos) can in particular contexts refer to a manner of death, specifically a contagious disease (see BDAG 443 s.v. 3; L&N 23.158).
26 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the previous question.
27 tn Though the expression “the answer” is not in the Greek text, it is clearly implied. Direct objects in Greek were frequently omitted when clear from the context.
28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
29 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
30 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
31 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” because what follows has the logical force of a result clause.
32 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
33 tn Grk “the day did not shine [with respect to] the third of it.”
34 tn The word “made” is not in the Greek text but is implied.
35 tn The Greek conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following materials in this list, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
36 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the instructions given by the voice.
37 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
38 tn The words “the scroll” are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
39 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
40 tn Or “authority.”
41 tn Grk “the days.”
42 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
43 tn Or “authority.”
44 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate that this remark is virtually parenthetical.
45 tn Grk “its”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
46 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
47 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present here.
48 tn Or “desert.”
49 tn The word “God” is supplied based on the previous statements made concerning “the place prepared for the woman” in 12:6.
50 tc The reading “and half a time” (καὶ ἥμισυ καιροῦ, kai {hmisu kairou) is lacking in the important uncial C. Its inclusion, however, is supported by {Ì47 א A and the rest of the ms tradition}. There is apparently no reason for the scribe of C to intentionally omit the phrase, and the fact that the word “time” (καιρὸν καὶ καιρούς, kairon kai kairou") appears twice before may indicate a scribal oversight.
sn The parallel statement in Rev 12:6 suggests that the phrase a time, times, and half a time equals 1,260 days (three and a half years of 360 days each).
51 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the woman’s escape.
52 tn Grk “her seed” (an idiom for offspring, children, or descendants).
53 tn Or “who obey.”
54 tn Grk “and having.”
55 tn Grk “the testimony of Jesus,” which may involve a subjective genitive (“Jesus’ testimony”) or, more likely, an objective genitive (“testimony about Jesus”).
56 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
57 tc Grk ἐστάθη (estaqh, “he stood”). The reading followed by the translation is attested by the better
58 tn Or “sandy beach” (L&N 1.64).
59 sn The standard critical texts of the Greek NT, NA27 and UBS4, both include this sentence as 12:18, as do the RSV and NRSV. Other modern translations like the NASB and NIV include the sentence at the beginning of 13:1; in these versions chap. 12 has only 17 verses.
60 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
61 tn Or “from their trouble” (L&N 22.7).
62 tn Grk “their deeds will follow with them.”
63 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the angel’s announcement.
64 tn Grk “I fell down at his feet.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
65 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
66 tn On the elliptical expression ὅρα μή (Jora mh) BDAG 720 s.v. ὁράω B.2 states: “Elliptically…ὅρα μή (sc. ποιήσῃς) watch out! don’t do that! Rv 19:10; 22:9.”
67 tn The lowliness of a slave is emphasized in the Greek text with the emphatic position of σύνδουλος (sundoulo"). The use of “only” helps to bring this nuance out in English.
68 tn Grk “fellow slave.” See the note on the word “servants” in v. 2.
69 tn The Greek term “brother” literally refers to family relationships, but here it is used in a broader sense to connote familial relationships within the family of God (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 2.a).
70 tn The genitive ᾿Ιησοῦ (Ihsou) has been translated as an objective genitive here. A subjective genitive, also possible, would produce the meaning “who hold to what Jesus testifies.”
71 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel introduced in v. 1) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
72 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
73 tn Or “and shut.” While the lexical force of the term is closer to “shut,” it is acceptable to render the verb ἔκλεισεν (ekleisen) as “locked” here in view of the mention of the key in the previous verse.
74 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
75 tn Grk “another book was opened, which is of life.”
76 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the books being opened.
77 tn Grk “from the things written in the books according to their works.”