Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Exodus 22:28

NET ©	“You must not blaspheme¹ God² or curse the ruler of your people.
NIV ©	"Do not blaspheme God or curse the ruler of your people.
NASB ©	"You shall not curse God, nor curse a ruler of your people.
NLT ©	"Do not blaspheme God or curse anyone who rules over you.
MSG ©	"Don't curse God; and don't damn your leaders.
BBE ©	You may not say evil of the judges, or put a curse on the ruler of your people.
NRSV ©	You shall not revile God, or curse a leader of your people.
NKJV ©	"You shall not revile God, nor curse a ruler of your people.

KJV	Thou shalt not revile <07043> (8762) the gods <0430>_, nor curse <0779> (8799) the ruler <05387> of thy people <05971>_. {gods: or, judges}
NASB ©	"You shall not curse <07043> God <0430> , nor <03808> curse <0779> a ruler <05387> of your people <05971> .
HEBREW	rat <0779> al <03808> Kmeb <05971> ayvnw <05387> llqt <07043> al <03808> Myhla <0430> (22:28) <22:27>
LXXM	(22:27) yeouv <2316> N-APM ou <3364> ADV kakologhseiv <2551> V-FAI-2S kai <2532> CONJ arcontav <758> N-APM tou <3588> T-GSM laou <2992> N-GSM sou <4771> P-GS ou <3364> ADV kakwv <2556> ADV ereiv {V-FAI-2S}
NET © [draft] ITL	“You must not <03808> blaspheme <07043> God <0430> or <03808> curse <0779> the ruler <05387> of your people <05971> .
NET ©	“You must not blaspheme¹ God² or curse the ruler of your people.
NET © Notes	¹tn The two verbs in this verse are synonyms: קָלַל (qalal) means “to treat lightly, curse,” and אָרַר (’arar) means “to curse.” ²tn The word אֱלֹהִים (’elohim) is “gods” or “God.” If taken as the simple plural, it could refer to the human judges, as it has in the section of laws; this would match the parallelism in the verse. If it was taken to refer to God, then the idea of cursing God would be more along the line of blasphemy. B. Jacob says that the word refers to functioning judges, and that would indirectly mean God, for they represented the religious authority, and the prince the civil authority (Exodus, 708).

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