Discovery BoxRevelation 2:18 
Context2:18 “To 1 the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following: 2
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 3 the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame 4 and whose feet are like polished bronze: 5
Revelation 6:4
Context6:4 And another horse, fiery red, 6 came out, and the one who rode it 7 was granted permission 8 to take peace from the earth, so that people would butcher 9 one another, and he was given a huge sword.
Revelation 9:17
Context9:17 Now 10 this is what the horses and their riders 11 looked like in my 12 vision: The riders had breastplates that were fiery red, 13 dark blue, 14 and sulfurous 15 yellow in color. 16 The 17 heads of the horses looked like lions’ heads, and fire, smoke, and sulfur 18 came out of their mouths.
1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
2 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
3 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
4 tn Grk “a flame of fire.” The Greek term πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive.
5 tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears no where else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 1:15), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 1:15 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.
6 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
7 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
8 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”
9 tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”
10 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of the description of the horses and riders, which is somewhat parenthetical in the narrative.
11 tn Grk “and those seated on them.”
12 tn Grk “the vision”; the Greek article has been translated as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).
13 tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”
14 tn On this term BDAG 1022 s.v. ὑακίνθινος states, “hyacinth-colored, i.e. dark blue (dark red?) w. πύρινος Rv 9:17.”
15 tn On this term BDAG 446 s.v. θειώδης states, “sulphurous Rv 9:17.”
16 sn The colors of the riders’ breastplates parallel the three plagues of fire, smoke, and sulfur in v. 18.
17 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
18 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
