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Revelation 1:15

Context
1:15 His feet were like polished bronze 1  refined 2  in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar 3  of many waters.

Revelation 2:18

Context
To the Church in Thyatira

2:18 “To 4  the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following: 5 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of 6  the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame 7  and whose feet are like polished bronze: 8 

1 tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears nowhere else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 2:18), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 2:18 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

2 tn Or “that has been heated in a furnace until it glows.”

3 tn Grk “sound,” but the idea is closer to the roar of a waterfall or rapids.

4 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

5 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

6 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.

7 tn Grk “a flame of fire.” The Greek term πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive.

8 tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears no where else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 1:15), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 1:15 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.



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