Leviticus 4:20

4:20 He must do with the rest of the bull just as he did with the bull of the sin offering; this is what he must do with it. 1  So the priest will make atonement 2  on their behalf and they will be forgiven. 3 

Leviticus 4:31

4:31 Then he must remove all of its fat (just as fat was removed from the peace offering sacrifice) and the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar for a soothing aroma to the Lord. So the priest will make atonement 4  on his behalf and he will be forgiven. 5 

Leviticus 5:6

5:6 and he must bring his penalty for guilt 6  to the Lord for his sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, whether a female sheep or a female goat, for a sin offering. So the priest will make atonement 7  on his behalf for 8  his sin.

Leviticus 5:13

5:13 So the priest will make atonement 9  on his behalf for his sin which he has committed by doing one of these things, 10  and he will be forgiven. 11  The remainder of the offering 12  will belong to the priest like the grain offering.’” 13 

Leviticus 5:16

5:16 And whatever holy thing he violated 14  he must restore and must add one fifth to it and give it to the priest. So the priest will make atonement 15  on his behalf with the guilt offering ram and he will be forgiven.” 16 

Leviticus 5:18

5:18 and must bring a flawless ram from the flock, convertible into silver shekels, 17  for a guilt offering to the priest. So the priest will make atonement 18  on his behalf for his error which he committed 19  (although he himself had not known it) and he will be forgiven. 20 

Leviticus 8:15

8:15 and he slaughtered it. 21  Moses then took the blood and put it all around on the horns of the altar with his finger and decontaminated the altar, 22  and he poured out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar and so consecrated it to make atonement on it. 23 

Leviticus 12:7-8

12:7 The priest 24  is to present it before the Lord and make atonement 25  on her behalf, and she will be clean 26  from her flow of blood. 27  This is the law of the one who bears a child, for the male or the female child. 12:8 If she cannot afford a sheep, 28  then she must take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, 29  one for a burnt offering and one for a sin offering, and the priest is to make atonement on her behalf, and she will be clean.’” 30 

Leviticus 14:21

The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals for the Poor Person

14:21 “If the person is poor and does not have sufficient means, 31  he must take one male lamb as a guilt offering for a wave offering to make atonement for himself, one-tenth of an ephah of choice wheat flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of olive oil, 32 

Leviticus 16:16

16:16 So 33  he is to make atonement for the holy place from the impurities of the Israelites and from their transgressions with regard to all their sins, 34  and thus he is to do for the Meeting Tent which resides with them in the midst of their impurities.

Leviticus 16:18

16:18 “Then 35  he is to go out to the altar which is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He is to take 36  some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it all around on the horns of the altar.

Leviticus 16:24

16:24 Then he must bathe his body in water in a holy place, put on his clothes, and go out and make his burnt offering and the people’s burnt offering. So he is to make atonement 37  on behalf of himself and the people. 38 

Leviticus 16:27

16:27 The bull of the sin offering and the goat of the sin offering, whose blood was brought to make atonement in the holy place, must be brought outside the camp 39  and their hide, their flesh, and their dung must be burned up, 40 

1 sn Cf. Lev 4:11-12 above for the disposition of “the [rest of] the bull.”

2 sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

3 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to them” or “it shall be forgiven to them.”

4 sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

5 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).

6 tn In this context the word for “guilt” (אָשָׁם, ’asham) refers to the “penalty” for incurring guilt, the so-called consequential אָשָׁם (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:303; cf. the note on Lev 5:1).

7 sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

8 tn See the note on 4:26 regarding the use of מִן (min).

9 sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

10 tn Heb “from one from these,” referring to the four kinds of violations of the law delineated in Lev 5:1-4 (see the note on Lev 5:5 above and cf. Lev 4:27).

11 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).

12 tn Heb “and it”; the referent (the remaining portion of the offering) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

13 tn Heb “and it shall be to the priest like the grain offering,” referring to the rest of the grain that was not offered on the altar (cf. the regulations in Lev 2:3, 10).

14 tn Heb “and which he sinned from the holy thing.”

15 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.

16 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).

17 tn The statement here is condensed. See the full expression in 5:15 and the note there.

18 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.

19 tn Heb “on his straying which he strayed.” See the note on Lev 4:2.

20 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV and NASB both similar).

21 sn Contrary to some English versions (e.g., NAB, NASB, NIV, NLT), Aaron (not Moses) most likely slaughtered the bull, possibly with the help of his sons, although the verb is singular, not plural. Moses then performed the ritual procedures that involved direct contact with the altar. Compare the pattern in Lev 1:5-9, where the offerer does the slaughtering and the priests perform the procedures that involve direct contact with the altar. In Lev 8 Moses is functioning as the priest in order to consecrate the priesthood. The explicit reintroduction of the name of Moses as the subject of the next verb seems to reinforce this understanding of the passage (cf. also vv. 19 and 23 below).

22 tn The verb is the Piel of חָטָא (khata’, “to sin”) and means “to de-sin” the altar. This verse is important for confirming the main purpose of the sin offering, which was to decontaminate the tabernacle and its furniture from any impurities. See the note on Lev 4:3.

23 tn Similar to v. 10 above, “and consecrated it” refers to the effect of the blood manipulation earlier in the verse. The goal here was to consecrate the altar in order that it might become a place on which it would be appropriate “to make atonement” before the Lord.

24 tn Heb “and he” (i.e., the priest mentioned at the end of v. 6). The referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.

25 sn See the note on Lev 1:4 “make atonement.” The purpose of sin offering “atonement,” in particular, was to purge impurities from the tabernacle (see Lev 15:31 and 16:5-19, 29-34), whether they were caused by physical uncleannesses or by sins and iniquities. In this case, the woman has not “sinned” morally by having a child. Even Mary brought such offerings for giving birth to Jesus (Luke 2:22-24), though she certainly did not “sin” in giving birth to him. Note that the result of bringing this “sin offering” was “she will be clean,” not “she will be forgiven” (cf. Lev 4:20, 26, 31, 35; 5:10, 13). The impurity of the blood flow has caused the need for this “sin offering,” not some moral or relational infringement of the law (contrast Lev 4:2, “When a person sins by straying unintentionally from any of the commandments of the Lord”).

26 tn Or “she will be[come] pure.”

27 tn Heb “from her source [i.e., spring] of blood,” possibly referring to the female genital area, not just the “flow of blood” itself (as suggested by J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:761). Cf. ASV “from the fountain of her blood.”

28 tn Heb “If her hand cannot find the sufficiency of a sheep.” Many English versions render this as “lamb.”

29 tn Heb “from the sons of the pigeon,” referring either to “young pigeons” or “various species of pigeon” (contrast J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:168, with J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 14; cf. Lev 1:14 and esp. 5:7-10).

30 tn Or “she will be[come] pure.”

31 tn Heb “and his hand does not reach”; NAB, NRSV “and cannot afford so much (afford these NIV).”

32 tn See the notes on v. 10 above.

33 tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative or even inferential force here.

34 tn Heb “to all their sins.”

35 tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) indicates the sequence of events here.

36 tn Heb “And he shall take.”

37 tn Heb “And he shall make atonement.”

38 tn Heb “on behalf of himself and on behalf of the people.” After “on behalf of himself” the LXX adds the expected “and on behalf of his household” (cf. vv. 6, 11, and 17).

39 tn Heb “he shall bring into from outside to the camp.”

40 tn Heb “they shall burn with fire”; KJV “burn in the fire.” Because “to burn with fire” is redundant in contemporary English the present translation simply has “must be burned up.”