Revelation 18:13
ContextNET © | cinnamon, spice, 1 incense, perfumed ointment, 2 frankincense, 3 wine, olive oil and costly flour, 4 wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and four-wheeled carriages, 5 slaves and human lives. 6 |
NIV © | cargoes of cinnamon and spice, of incense, myrrh and frankincense, of wine and olive oil, of fine flour and wheat; cattle and sheep; horses and carriages; and bodies and souls of men. |
NASB © | and cinnamon and spice and incense and perfume and frankincense and wine and olive oil and fine flour and wheat and cattle and sheep, and cargoes of horses and chariots and slaves and human lives. |
NLT © | She also bought cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour, wheat, cattle, sheep, horses, chariots, and slaves––yes, she even traded in human lives. |
MSG © | cinnamon and spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; wine and oil, flour and wheat; cattle, sheep, horses, and chariots. And slaves--their terrible traffic in human lives. |
BBE © | And sweet-smelling plants, and perfumes, and wine, and oil, and well crushed grain, and cattle and sheep; and horses and carriages and servants; and souls of men. |
NRSV © | cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, olive oil, choice flour and wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and chariots, slaves—and human lives. |
NKJV © | "and cinnamon and incense, fragrant oil and frankincense, wine and oil, fine flour and wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and chariots, and bodies and souls of men. |
KJV | And <2532> cinnamon <2792>_, and <2532> odours <2368>_, and <2532> ointments <3464>_, and <2532> frankincense <3030>_, and <2532> wine <3631>_, and <2532> oil <1637>_, and <2532> fine flour <4585>_, and <2532> wheat <4621>_, and <2532> beasts <2934>_, and <2532> sheep <4263>_, and <2532> horses <2462>_, and <2532> chariots <4480>_, and <2532> slaves <4983>_, and <2532> souls <5590> of men <444>_. {slaves: or, bodies} |
NASB © | and cinnamon <2796> and spice <299> and incense <2368> and perfume <3464> and frankincense <3030> and wine <3631> and olive <1637> oil <1637> and fine <4585> flour <4585> and wheat <4621> and cattle <2934> and sheep <4263> , and cargoes of horses <2462> and chariots <4480> and slaves <4983> and human <444> lives .<5590> |
GREEK | |
NET © [draft] ITL | cinnamon <2792> , spice, incense <2368> , perfumed ointment <3464> , frankincense <3030> , wine <3631> , olive oil <1637> and <2532> costly flour <4585> , wheat <4621> , cattle <2934> and <2532> sheep <4263> , horses <2462> and <2532> four-wheeled carriages <4480> , slaves <4983> and <2532> human <444> lives .<5590> |
NET © | cinnamon, spice, 1 incense, perfumed ointment, 2 frankincense, 3 wine, olive oil and costly flour, 4 wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and four-wheeled carriages, 5 slaves and human lives. 6 |
NET © Notes |
1 tn On the term ἄμωμον (amwmon) L&N 5.23 states, “a generic term for any kind of spice, though often a specific reference to amomum, an Indian type of spice – ‘spice, amomum.’ κιννάμωμον καὶ ἄμωμον καὶ θυμιάματα ‘cinnamon and spice and incense’ Re 18:13. In most translations ἄμωμον is interpreted as spice in general.” 2 tn Or “myrrh,” a strong aromatic ointment often used to prepare a body for burial (L&N 6.205). 3 tn The Greek term λίβανος (libano") refers to the aromatic resin of a certain type of tree (L&N 6.212). 4 tn On σεμίδαλις (semidali") L&N 5.10 states, “a fine grade of wheat flour – ‘fine flour.’ οἶνον καὶ ἔλαιον καὶ σεμίδαλιν καὶ σῖτον ‘wine and oil and fine flour and wheat’ Re 18:13. In some languages ‘fine flour’ may be best expressed as ‘expensive flour.’ Such a rendering fits well the context of Re 18:13.” 5 tn Or “and wagons.” On the term ῥέδη (rJedh) see L&N 6.53: “a four-wheeled carriage or wagon used for travel or the transportation of loads – ‘carriage, wagon.’ The term ῥέδη occurs only in Re 18:13 in a list of products bought and sold by merchants.” 6 tn Grk “and bodies and souls of men.” This could be understood (1) as a hendiadys (two things mentioned = one thing meant), referring only to slave trade; (2) it could be referring to two somewhat different concepts: slavery (bodies) and the cheapness of human life – some of the items earlier in the list of merchandise were to be obtained only at great cost of human life; or (3) a somewhat related idea, that the trade is in not just physical bodies (slavery) but human souls (people whose lives are destroyed through this trade). |