Isaiah 47:1

“Fall down! Sit in the dirt, O virgin ¹  daughter Babylon! Sit on the ground, not on a throne, O daughter of the Babylonians! Indeed, ²  you will no longer be called delicate and pampered.

De 28:56,57; Job 2:8,13; Ps 18:27; Ps 89:44; Ps 137:8; Isa 3:26; Isa 14:13,14; Isa 26:5; Isa 32:9-11; Isa 37:22; Isa 47:7-9; Isa 52:2; Jer 13:18; Jer 46:11; Jer 48:18; Jer 50:42; Jer 51:33; La 2:10,21; La 4:5; Eze 26:16; Eze 28:17; Ob 1:3,4; Jon 3:6; Hag 2:22; Zec 2:7; Re 18:7

¹ tn בְּתוּלַה (bÿtulah) often refers to a virgin, but the phrase “virgin daughter” is apparently stylized (see also 23:12; 37:22). In the extended metaphor of this chapter, where Babylon is personified as a queen (vv. 5, 7), she is depicted as being both a wife and mother (vv. 8-9).

² tn Or “For” (NASB, NRSV).