Discovery BoxRevelation 4:4 
Context4:4 In 1 a circle around the throne were twenty-four other thrones, and seated on those thrones were twenty-four elders. They were 2 dressed in white clothing and had golden crowns 3 on their heads.
Revelation 5:1
Context5:1 Then 4 I saw in the right hand of the one who was seated on the throne a scroll written on the front and back 5 and sealed with seven seals. 6
Revelation 6:16
Context6:16 They 7 said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one who is seated on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb, 8
Revelation 7:15
Context7:15 For this reason they are before the throne of God, and they serve 9 him day and night in his temple, and the one seated on the throne will shelter them. 10
Revelation 14:14
Context14:14 Then 11 I looked, and a white cloud appeared, 12 and seated on the cloud was one like a son of man! 13 He had 14 a golden crown on his head and a sharp sickle in his hand.
Revelation 20:11
Context20:11 Then 15 I saw a large 16 white throne and the one who was seated on it; the earth and the heaven 17 fled 18 from his presence, and no place was found for them.
Revelation 21:5
Context21:5 And the one seated on the throne said: “Look! I am making all things new!” Then 19 he said to me, “Write it down, 20 because these words are reliable 21 and true.”
Revelation 5:13
Context5:13 Then 22 I heard every creature – in heaven, on earth, under the earth, in the sea, and all that is in them – singing: 23
“To the one seated on the throne and to the Lamb
be praise, honor, glory, and ruling power 24 forever and ever!”
Revelation 14:15
Context14:15 Then 25 another angel came out of the temple, shouting in a loud voice to the one seated on the cloud, “Use 26 your sickle and start to reap, 27 because the time to reap has come, since the earth’s harvest is ripe!”
Revelation 20:4
Context20:4 Then 28 I saw thrones and seated on them were those who had been given authority to judge. 29 I also saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of the testimony about Jesus and because of the word of God. These 30 had not worshiped the beast or his image and had refused to receive his mark on their forehead or hand. They 31 came to life 32 and reigned with Christ for a thousand years.
1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
2 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the words “They were” to indicate the connection to the preceding material.
3 sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
5 tn Grk “written on the inside and the outside” (an idiom for having writing on both sides).
6 tn L&N 6.55 states, “From the immediate context of Re 5:1 it is not possible to determine whether the scroll in question had seven seals on the outside or whether the scroll was sealed at seven different points. However, since according to chapter six of Revelation the seals were broken one after another, it would appear as though the scroll had been sealed at seven different places as it had been rolled up.”
7 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
8 tn It is difficult to say where this quotation ends. The translation ends it after “withstand it” at the end of v. 17, but it is possible that it should end here, after “Lamb” at the end of v. 16. If it ends after “Lamb,” v. 17 is a parenthetical explanation by the author.
9 tn Or “worship.” The word here is λατρεύω (latreuw).
10 tn Grk “will spread his tent over them,” normally an idiom for taking up residence with someone, but when combined with the preposition ἐπί (epi, “over”) the idea is one of extending protection or shelter (BDAG 929 s.v. σκηνόω).
11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
12 tn Grk “and behold, a white cloud.”
13 tn This phrase constitutes an allusion to Dan 7:13. Concerning υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (Juio" tou anqrwpou), BDAG 1026 s.v. υἱός 2.d.γ says: “ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου lit. ‘the son of the man’…‘the human being, the human one, the man’…On Israelite thought contemporary w. Jesus and alleged knowledge of a heavenly being looked upon as a ‘Son of Man’ or ‘Man’, who exercises Messianic functions such as judging the world (metaph., pictorial passages in En 46-48; 4 Esdr 13:3, 51f)…Outside the gospels: Ac 7:56…Rv 1:13; 14:14 (both after Da 7:13…).” The term “son” here in this expression is anarthrous and as such lacks specificity. Some commentators and translations take the expression as an allusion to Daniel 7:13 and not to “the son of man” found in gospel traditions (e.g., Mark 8:31; 9:12; cf. D. E. Aune, Revelation [WBC], 2:800-801; cf. also NIV). Other commentators and versions, however, take the phrase “son of man” as definite, involving allusions to Dan 7:13 and “the son of man” gospel traditions (see G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 771-72; NRSV).
14 tn Grk “like a son of man, having.” In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence.
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
16 tn Traditionally, “great,” but μέγας (megas) here refers to size rather than importance.
17 tn Or “and the sky.” The same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky,” and context usually determines which is meant. In this apocalyptic scene, however, it is difficult to be sure what referent to assign the term.
18 tn Or “vanished.”
sn The phrase the earth and the heaven fled from his presence can be understood (1) as visual imagery representing the fear of corruptible matter in the presence of God, but (2) it can also be understood more literally as the dissolution of the universe as we know it in preparation for the appearance of the new heaven and new earth (Rev 21:1).
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
20 tn The words “it down” are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
21 tn Grk “faithful.”
22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
23 tn Grk “saying.”
24 tn Or “dominion.”
25 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
26 tn Grk “Send out.”
27 tn The aorist θέρισον (qerison) has been translated ingressively.
28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
29 tn Grk “I saw thrones, and those seated on them, and judgment was given to them.” BDAG 567 s.v. κρίμα 3 says, “judging, judgment, the κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς authority to judge was given to them Rv 20:4.”
30 tn Grk “God, and who.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the pronoun “these” as subject.
31 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
32 tn On the use of the aorist ἔζησαν (ezhsan) BDAG 425 s.v. ζάω 1.a.β says, “of dead persons who return to life become alive again: of humans in general (3 Km 17:23) Mt 9:18; Ac 9:41; 20:12; Rv 20:4, 5.”
