Discovery BoxRevelation 2:8 
Context2:8 “To 1 the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following: 2
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 3 the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but 4 came to life:
Revelation 2:12
Context2:12 “To 5 the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following: 6
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 7 the one who has the sharp double-edged sword: 8
Revelation 2:18
Context2:18 “To 9 the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following: 10
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 11 the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame 12 and whose feet are like polished bronze: 13
1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
2 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
3 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.
5 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
6 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
7 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
8 sn On the sharp double-edged sword see 1:16.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
10 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
11 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
12 tn Grk “a flame of fire.” The Greek term πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive.
13 tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears no where else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 1:15), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 1:15 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.
