Discovery BoxRevelation 12:5 
Context12:5 So 1 the woman gave birth to a son, a male child, 2 who is going to rule 3 over all the nations 4 with an iron rod. 5 Her 6 child was suddenly caught up to God and to his throne,
Revelation 18:7
Context18:7 As much as 7 she exalted herself and lived in sensual luxury, 8 to this extent give her torment and grief because she said to herself, 9 ‘I rule as queen and am no widow; I will never experience grief!’
Revelation 19:15
Context19:15 From his mouth extends a sharp sword, so that with it he can strike the nations. 10 He 11 will rule 12 them with an iron rod, 13 and he stomps the winepress 14 of the furious 15 wrath of God, the All-Powerful. 16
Revelation 13:2
Context13:2 Now 17 the beast that I saw was like a leopard, but its feet were like a bear’s, and its mouth was like a lion’s mouth. The 18 dragon gave the beast 19 his power, his throne, and great authority to rule. 20
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the conclusion of the anticipated birth.
2 tn On this term BDAG 135 s.v. ἄρσην states: “male…The neut. ἄρσεν Rv 12:5, difft. vs. 13, comes fr. Is 66:7 and is in apposition to υἱόν. On the juxtaposition s. FBoll, ZNW 15, 1914, 253; BOlsson, Glotta 23, ’34, 112.”
3 tn Grk “shepherd.”
4 tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
5 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”
sn An allusion to Ps 2:9 (see also Rev 2:27; 19:15).
6 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
7 tn “As much as” is the translation of ὅσα (Josa).
8 tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”
9 tn Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.
10 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
11 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
12 tn Grk “will shepherd.”
13 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”
sn A quotation from Ps 2:9 (see also Rev 2:27, 12:5).
14 sn He stomps the winepress. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process), and Rev 14:20.
15 tn The genitive θυμοῦ (qumou) has been translated as an attributed genitive. Following BDAG 461 s.v. θυμός 2, the combination of the genitives of θυμός (qumos) and ὀργή (orgh) in Rev 16:19 and 19:15 are taken to be a strengthening of the thought as in the OT and Qumran literature (Exod 32:12; Jer 32:37; Lam 2:3; CD 10:9).
16 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
17 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the parenthetical nature of the following description of the beast.
18 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
19 tn Grk “gave it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
20 tn For the translation “authority to rule” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
