Discovery BoxRevelation 18:7-11 
Context18:7 As much as 1 she exalted herself and lived in sensual luxury, 2 to this extent give her torment and grief because she said to herself, 3 ‘I rule as queen and am no widow; I will never experience grief!’ 18:8 For this reason, she will experience her plagues 4 in a single day: disease, 5 mourning, 6 and famine, and she will be burned down 7 with fire, because the Lord God who judges her is powerful!”
18:9 Then 8 the kings of the earth who committed immoral acts with her and lived in sensual luxury 9 with her will weep and wail for her when they see the smoke from the fire that burns her up. 10 18:10 They will stand a long way off because they are afraid of her torment, and will say,
“Woe, woe, O great city,
Babylon the powerful city!
For in a single hour your doom 11 has come!”
18:11 Then 12 the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn for her because no one buys their cargo 13 any longer –
1 tn “As much as” is the translation of ὅσα (Josa).
2 tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”
3 tn Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.
4 tn Grk “For this reason, her plagues will come.”
5 tn Grk “death.” θάνατος (qanatos) can in particular contexts refer to a manner of death, specifically a contagious disease (see BDAG 443 s.v. 3; L&N 23.158).
6 tn This is the same Greek word (πένθος, penqo") translated “grief” in vv. 7-8.
7 tn Here “burned down” was used to translate κατακαυθήσεται (katakauqhsetai) because a city is in view.
8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
9 tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”
10 tn Grk “from the burning of her.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burns her up,” see L&N 14.63.
11 tn Or “judgment,” condemnation,” “punishment.” BDAG 569 s.v. κρίσις 1.a.β states, “The word oft. means judgment that goes against a person, condemnation, and the sentence that follows…ἡ κ. σου your judgment Rv 18:10.”
12 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
13 tn On γόμος (gomos) BDAG 205 s.v. states, “load, freight…cargo of a ship…Ac 21:3. W. gen. of the owner Rv 18:11. W. gen. of content…γ. χρυσοῦ a cargo of gold vs. 12.”
