Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Revelation 18:3

Context
NET ©

For all the nations 1  have fallen 2  from the wine of her immoral passion, 3  and the kings of the earth have committed sexual immorality with her, and the merchants of the earth have gotten rich from the power of her sensual behavior.” 4 

NIV ©

For all the nations have drunk the maddening wine of her adulteries. The kings of the earth committed adultery with her, and the merchants of the earth grew rich from her excessive luxuries."

NASB ©

"For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the passion of her immorality, and the kings of the earth have committed acts of immorality with her, and the merchants of the earth have become rich by the wealth of her sensuality."

NLT ©

For all the nations have drunk the wine of her passionate immorality. The rulers of the world have committed adultery with her, and merchants throughout the world have grown rich as a result of her luxurious living."

MSG ©

All nations drank the wild wine of her whoring; kings of the earth went whoring with her; entrepreneurs made millions exploiting her.

BBE ©

For through the wine of the wrath of her evil desires all the nations have come to destruction; and the kings of the earth made themselves unclean with her, and the traders of the earth had their wealth increased by the power of her evil ways.

NRSV ©

For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth have grown rich from the power of her luxury."

NKJV ©

"For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth have become rich through the abundance of her luxury."


KJV
For
<3754>
all
<3956>
nations
<1484>
have drunk
<4095> (5758)
of
<1537>
the wine
<3631>
of the wrath
<2372>
of her
<846>
fornication
<4202>_,
and
<2532>
the kings
<935>
of the earth
<1093>
have committed fornication
<4203> (5656)
with
<3326>
her
<846>_,
and
<2532>
the merchants
<1713>
of the earth
<1093>
are waxed rich
<4147> (5656)
through
<1537>
the abundance
<1411>
of her
<846>
delicacies
<4764>_.
{abundance: or, power}
NASB ©
"For all
<3956>
the nations
<1484>
have drunk
<4095>
of the wine
<3631>
of the passion
<2372>
of her immorality
<4202>
, and the kings
<935>
of the earth
<1093>
have committed
<4203>
acts of immorality
<4203>
with her, and the merchants
<1713>
of the earth
<1093>
have become
<4147>
rich
<4147>
by the wealth
<1411>
of her sensuality
<4764>
."
GREEK
oti
<3754>
CONJ
ek
<1537>
PREP
[tou
<3588>
T-GSM
oinou]
<3631>
N-GSM
tou
<3588>
T-GSN
yumou
<2372>
N-GSM
thv
<3588>
T-GSF
porneiav
<4202>
N-GSF
authv
<846>
P-GSF
peptwkan
<4098> (5758)
V-RAI-3P
panta
<3956>
A-NPN
ta
<3588>
T-NPN
eynh
<1484>
N-NPN
kai
<2532>
CONJ
oi
<3588>
T-NPM
basileiv
<935>
N-NPM
thv
<3588>
T-GSF
ghv
<1093>
N-GSF
met
<3326>
PREP
authv
<846>
P-GSF
eporneusan
<4203> (5656)
V-AAI-3P
kai
<2532>
CONJ
oi
<3588>
T-NPM
emporoi
<1713>
N-NPM
thv
<3588>
T-GSF
ghv
<1093>
N-GSF
ek
<1537>
PREP
thv
<3588>
T-GSF
dunamewv
<1411>
N-GSF
tou
<3588>
T-GSN
strhnouv
<4764>
N-GSN
authv
<846>
P-GSF
eplouthsan
<4147> (5656)
V-AAI-3P
NET © [draft] ITL
For
<3754>
all
<3956>
the nations
<1484>
have fallen
<4098>
from
<1537>
the wine
<3631>
of her
<846>
immoral
<4202>
passion
<2372>
, and
<2532>
the kings
<935>
of the
<3588>
earth
<1093>
have committed sexual immorality
<4203>
with
<3326>
her
<846>
, and
<2532>
the merchants
<1713>
of the earth
<1093>
have gotten rich
<4147>
from
<1537>
the power
<1411>
of her
<846>
sensual behavior
<4764>
.”
NET ©

For all the nations 1  have fallen 2  from the wine of her immoral passion, 3  and the kings of the earth have committed sexual immorality with her, and the merchants of the earth have gotten rich from the power of her sensual behavior.” 4 

NET © Notes

tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

tc ‡ Several mss (א A C 1006* 1611 1841 2030 ÏK), including the best witnesses, read “have fallen” (πεπτώκασιν or πέπτωκαν [peptwkasin or peptwkan]). The singular πέπτωκεν (peptwken), which is better grammatically with the neuter plural subject πάντα τὰ ἔθνη (panta ta eqnh, “all the nations”), is read by 1854 2062 pc; 2042 pc read πεπότικεν (pepotiken). A few mss (1006c 2329 pc latt syh) read “have drunk” (πέπωκαν/πεπώκασιν, pepwkan/pepwkasin); the singular πέπωκεν (pepwken) is read by P 051 1 2053* al. The more difficult reading and that which has the best ms support is “have fallen.” That it is not too difficult is evidenced by the fact that the great majority of Byzantine minuscules, which have a tendency to smooth out problems, left it stand as is. Nonetheless, it is somewhat difficult (TCGNT 683 says that this reading is “scarcely suitable in the context”), and for that reason certain mss seem to have changed it to “have drunk” to agree with the idea of “wine” (οἴνου, oinou). One can understand how this could happen: A scribe coming to the text and seeing the term “wine” expects a verb of drinking. When he sees “have fallen” and knows that in Greek the verbs “have fallen” and “have drunk” are spelled similarly, he concludes that there has been a slip of the pen in the ms he is using, which he then seeks to correct back to the “have drunk” reading. This appears to be more reasonable than to conclude that three early uncials (i.e., א A C) as well as a great number of other witnesses all felt the need to change “have drunk” (πέπωκαν) to “have fallen” (πέπτωκαν), even if “fallen” occurs in the immediate context (“fallen, fallen, [ἔπεσεν ἔπεσεν, epesen epesen] Babylon the great” in the preceding verse). The preferred reading, on both external and internal grounds, is “have fallen,” and thus the Seer intends to focus on the effects of wine, namely, a drunken stupor.

tn See the notes on the words “passion” in Rev 14:8 and “wrath” in 16:19.

tn According to BDAG 949 s.v. στρῆνος and στρηνιάω, these terms can refer either to luxury or sensuality. In the context of Rev 18, however (as L&N 88.254 indicate) the stress is on gratification of the senses by sexual immorality, so that meaning was emphasized in the translation here.



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