Discovery BoxLeviticus 4:23 
Context4:23 or his sin that he committed 1 is made known to him, 2 he must bring a flawless male goat as his offering. 3
Leviticus 4:27
Context4:27 “‘If an ordinary individual 4 sins by straying unintentionally 5 when he violates one of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated, 6 and he pleads guilty
Leviticus 6:7
Context6:7 So the priest will make atonement 7 on his behalf before the Lord and he will be forgiven 8 for whatever he has done to become guilty.” 9
Leviticus 6:11
Context6:11 Then he must take off his clothes and put on other clothes, and he must bring the fatty ashes outside the camp to a ceremonially 10 clean place,
Leviticus 9:12
Context9:12 He then slaughtered the burnt offering, and his sons 11 handed 12 the blood to him and he splashed 13 it against the altar’s sides.
Leviticus 13:44
Context13:44 he is a diseased man. He is unclean. The priest must surely pronounce him unclean because of his infection on his head. 14
Leviticus 15:23
Context15:23 If there is something on the bed or on the furniture she sits on, 15 when he touches it 16 he will be unclean until evening,
Leviticus 16:20
Context16:20 “When he has finished purifying the holy place, 17 the Meeting Tent, and the altar, he is to present the live goat.
Leviticus 16:23
Context16:23 “Aaron must then enter 18 the Meeting Tent and take off the linen garments which he had put on when he entered the sanctuary, and leave them there.
Leviticus 17:16
Context17:16 But if he does not wash his clothes 19 and does not bathe his body, he will bear his punishment for iniquity.’” 20
Leviticus 20:9
Context20:9 “‘If anyone 22 curses his father and mother 23 he must be put to death. He has cursed his father and mother; his blood guilt is on himself. 24
Leviticus 21:8
Context21:8 You must sanctify him because he presents the food of your God. He must be holy to you because I, the Lord who sanctifies you all, 25 am holy.
Leviticus 21:11
Context21:11 He must not go where there is any dead person; 26 he must not defile himself even for his father and his mother.
Leviticus 21:14
Context21:14 He must not marry 27 a widow, a divorced woman, or one profaned by prostitution; he may only take a virgin from his people 28 as a wife.
Leviticus 22:5
Context22:5 or a man who touches a swarming thing by which he becomes unclean, 29 or touches a person 30 by which he becomes unclean, whatever that person’s impurity 31 –
Leviticus 22:7
Context22:7 When the sun goes down he will be clean, and afterward he may eat from the holy offerings, because they are his food.
Leviticus 25:40-41
Context25:40 He must be with you as a hired worker, as a resident foreigner; 32 he must serve with you until the year of jubilee, 25:41 but then 33 he may go free, 34 he and his children with him, and may return to his family and to the property of his ancestors. 35
1 tn Heb “or his sin which he sinned in it is made known to him”; NAB “if he learns of the sin he committed.”
2 tn Lev 4:22b-23a is difficult. The present translation suggests that there are two possible legal situations envisioned, separated by the Hebrew אוֹ (’o, “or”) at the beginning of v. 23. Lev 4:22b refers to any case in which the leader readily admits his guilt (i.e., “pleads guilty”), whereas v. 23a refers to cases where the leader is convicted of his guilt by legal action (“his sin…is made known to him”). See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:95-96; Lev 4:27-28; and esp. the notes on Lev 5:1 below.
3 tn Heb “a he-goat of goats, a male without defect”; cf. NLT “with no physical defects.”
4 tn Heb “an individual from the people of the land”; cf. NASB “anyone of the common people” (KJV, ASV both similar); NAB “a private person.”
5 tn Heb “If one person sins by straying, from the people of the land.” See Lev 4:2 for a note on “straying.”
6 tn Heb “by doing it, one from the commandments of the
7 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.
8 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).
9 tn Heb “on one from all which he does to become guilty in it”; NAB “whatever guilt he may have incurred.”
10 tn The word “ceremonially” has been supplied in the translation to clarify that the uncleanness of the place involved is ritual or ceremonial in nature.
11 tn For smoothness in the English translation, “his” was used in place of “Aaron’s.”
12 tn The verb is a Hiphil form of מָצָא, matsa’, “to find” (i.e., causative, literally “to cause to find,” but here the meaning is “to hand to” or “pass to”; see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 117-18, and J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:581-82). The distinction between this verb and “presented” in v. 9 above (see the note there) is that in v. 9 Aaron’s sons held the bowl while Aaron manipulated some of the blood at the altar, while here in v. 12 they simply handed the bowl to him so he could splash all the blood around on the altar (Milgrom, 581).
13 tn For “splashed” (also in v. 18) see the note on Lev 1:5.
14 tn Or perhaps translate, “His infection [is] on his head,” as a separate independent sentence (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV). There is no causal expression in the Hebrew text connecting these two clauses, but the logical relationship between them seems to be causal.
15 tn Heb “and if on the bed it (הוּא, hu’) is or on the vessel which she sits on it, when he touches it….” The translation and meaning of this verse is a subject of much debate in the commentaries (see the summary in J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:938-40). It is difficult to determine what הוּא refers to, whether it means “he” referring to the one who does the touching, “it” for the furniture or the seat in v. 22, “she” referring to the woman herself (see Smr היא rather than הוא), or perhaps anything that was lying on the furniture or the bed of vv. 21-22. The latter view is taken here (cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 202).
16 tn The MT accent suggest that “when he touches it” goes with the preceding line, but it seems to be better to take it as an introduction to what follows (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 202).
17 tn Heb “And he shall finish from atoning the holy place.” In this case, the “holy place” etc. are direct objects of the verb “to atone” (cf. v. 33a below). In this case, therefore, the basic meaning of the verb (i.e., “to purge” or “wipe clean”) comes to the forefront. When the prepositions עַל (’al) or בֲּעַד (ba’ad) occur with the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper) the purging is almost always being done “for” or “on behalf of” priests or people (see the note on Lev 1:4 as well as R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:698, the literature cited there, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 110, for more details).
18 tn Heb “And Aaron shall enter.”
19 tn The words “his clothes” are not in the Hebrew text, but are repeated in the translation for clarity.
20 tn Heb “and he shall bear his iniquity.” The rendering “bear the punishment for the iniquity” reflects the use of the word “iniquity” to refer to the punishment for iniquity. This is sometimes referred to as the consequential use of the term (cf. Lev 5:17; 7:18; 10:17; etc.).
sn For the interpretation of this verse reflected in the present translation, see the remarks on Lev 5:1 in J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:292-97.
21 sn Compare the regulations in Lev 18:6-23.
22 tn Heb “If a man a man who.”
23 tn Heb “makes light of his father and his mother.” Almost all English versions render this as some variation of “curses his father or mother.”
24 tn Heb “his blood [plural] is in him.” Cf. NAB “he has forfeited his life”; TEV “is responsible for his own death.”
sn The rendering “blood guilt” refers to the fact that the shedding of blood brings guilt on those who shed it illegitimately (even the blood of animals shed illegitimately, Lev 17:4; cf. the background of Gen 4:10-11). If the community performs a legitimate execution, however, the blood guilt rests on the person who has been legitimately executed (see the remarks and literature cited in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 328).
25 tn The three previous second person references in this verse are all singular, but this reference is plural. By adding “all” this grammatical distinction is preserved in the translation.
26 tc Although the MT has “persons” (plural), the LXX and Syriac have the singular “person” corresponding to the singular adjectival participle “dead” (cf. also Num 6:6).
27 tn Heb “take.” In context this means “take as wife,” i.e., “marry.”
28 tc The MT has literally, “from his peoples,” but Smr, LXX, Syriac, Targum, and Tg. Ps.-J. have “from his people,” referring to the Israelites as a whole.
29 tn Heb “which there shall be uncleanness to him.”
30 tn The Hebrew term for “person” here is אָדָם (adam, “human being”), which could either a male or a female person.
31 tn Heb “to all his impurity.” The phrase refers to the impurity of the person whom the man touches to become unclean (see the previous clause). To clarify this, the translation uses “that person’s” rather than “his.”
32 tn See the note on Lev 25:6 above.
33 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have adversative force here.
34 tn Heb “may go out from you.”
35 tn Heb “fathers.”
