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Job 7:10

Context

7:10 He returns no more to his house,

nor does his place of residence 1  know him 2  any more.

Job 9:34

Context

9:34 who 3  would take his 4  rod 5  away from me

so that his terror 6  would not make me afraid.

Job 15:15

Context

15:15 If God places no trust in his holy ones, 7 

if even the heavens 8  are not pure in his eyes,

Job 15:29

Context

15:29 He will not grow rich,

and his wealth will not endure,

nor will his possessions 9  spread over the land.

Job 15:33

Context

15:33 Like a vine he will let his sour grapes fall, 10 

and like an olive tree

he will shed his blossoms. 11 

Job 20:11

Context

20:11 His bones 12  were full of his youthful vigor, 13 

but that vigor will lie down with him in the dust.

Job 21:31

Context

21:31 No one denounces his conduct to his face;

no one repays him for what 14  he has done. 15 

Job 23:11

Context

23:11 My feet 16  have followed 17  his steps closely;

I have kept to his way and have not turned aside. 18 

Job 26:12

Context

26:12 By his power he stills 19  the sea;

by his wisdom he cut Rahab the great sea monster 20  to pieces. 21 

Job 29:3

Context

29:3 when 22  he caused 23  his lamp 24 

to shine upon my head,

and by his light

I walked 25  through darkness; 26 

Job 30:24

Context
The Contrast With the Past

30:24 “Surely one does not stretch out his hand

against a broken man 27 

when he cries for help in his distress. 28 

Job 33:19

Context

33:19 Or a person is chastened 29  by pain on his bed,

and with the continual strife of his bones, 30 

Job 33:25

Context

33:25 then his flesh is restored 31  like a youth’s;

he returns to the days of his youthful vigor. 32 

1 tn M. Dahood suggests the meaning is the same as “his abode” (“Hebrew-Ugaritic Lexicography V,” Bib 48 [1967]: 421-38).

2 tn The verb means “to recognize” by seeing. “His place,” the place where he was living, is the subject of the verb. This personification is intended simply to say that the place where he lived will not have him any more. The line is very similar to Ps 103:16b – when the wind blows the flower away, its place knows it no more.

3 tn The verse probably continues the description from the last verse, and so a relative pronoun may be supplied here as well.

4 tn According to some, the reference of this suffix would be to God. The arbiter would remove the rod of God from Job. But others take it as a separate sentence with God removing his rod.

5 sn The “rod” is a symbol of the power of God to decree whatever judgments and afflictions fall upon people.

6 tn “His terror” is metonymical; it refers to the awesome majesty of God that overwhelms Job and causes him to be afraid.

7 tn Eliphaz here reiterates the point made in Job 4:18.

8 sn The question here is whether the reference is to material “heavens” (as in Exod 24:10 and Job 25:5), or to heavenly beings. The latter seems preferable in this context.

9 tn This word מִנְלָם (minlam) also is a hapax legomenon, although almost always interpreted to mean “possession” (with Arabic manal) and repointed as מְנֹלָם (mÿnolam). M. Dahood further changes “earth” to the netherworld, and interprets it to mean “his possessions will not go down to the netherworld (“Value of Ugaritic for Textual Criticism,” Bib 40 [1959]: 164-66). Others suggest it means “ear of grain,” either from the common word for “ears of grain” or a hapax legomenon in Deuteronomy 23:26 [25].

10 tn The verb means “to treat violently” or “to wrong.” It indicates that the vine did not nourish the grapes well enough for them to grow, and so they dry up and drop off.

11 sn The point is that like the tree the wicked man shows signs of life but produces nothing valuable. The olive tree will have blossoms in the years that it produces no olives, and so eventually drops the blossoms.

12 tn “Bones” is often used metonymically for the whole person, the bones being the framework, meaning everything inside, as well as the body itself.

13 sn This line means that he dies prematurely – at the height of his youthful vigor.

14 tn The expression “and he has done” is taken here to mean “what he has done.”

15 tn Heb “Who declares his way to his face? // Who repays him for what he has done?” These rhetorical questions, which expect a negative answer (“No one!”) have been translated as indicative statements to bring out their force clearly.

16 tn Heb “my foot.”

17 tn Heb “held fast.”

18 tn The last clause, “and I have not turned aside,” functions adverbially in the sentence. The form אָט (’at) is a pausal form of אַתֶּה (’atteh), the Hiphil of נָטָה (natah, “stretch out”).

19 tn The verb רָגַע (raga’) has developed a Semitic polarity, i.e., having totally opposite meanings. It can mean “to disturb; to stir up” or “to calm; to still.” Gordis thinks both meanings have been invoked here. But it seems more likely that “calm” fits the context better.

20 tn Heb “Rahab” (רָהַב), the mythical sea monster that represents the forces of chaos in ancient Near Eastern literature. In the translation the words “the great sea monster” have been supplied appositionally in order to clarify “Rahab.”

21 sn Here again there are possible mythological allusions or polemics. The god Yam, “Sea,” was important in Ugaritic as a god of chaos. And Rahab is another name for the monster of the deep (see Job 9:13).

22 tn This clause is in apposition to the preceding (see GKC 426 §131.o). It offers a clarification.

23 tn The form בְּהִלּוֹ (bÿhillo) is unusual; it should be parsed as a Hiphil infinitive construct with the elision of the ה (he). The proper spelling would have been with a ַ (patakh) under the preposition, reflecting הַהִלּוֹ (hahillo). If it were Qal, it would just mean “when his light shone.”

24 sn Lamp and light are symbols of God’s blessings of life and all the prosperous and good things it includes.

25 tn Here too the imperfect verb is customary – it describes action that was continuous, but in a past time.

26 tn The accusative (“darkness”) is here an adverbial accusative of place, namely, “in the darkness,” or because he was successfully led by God’s light, “through the darkness” (see GKC 374 §118.h).

27 tc Here is another very difficult verse, as is attested by the differences among commentaries and translations. The MT has “surely not against a ruinous heap will he [God] put forth his [God’s] hand.” But A. B. Davidson takes Job as the subject, reading “does not one stretch out his hand in his fall?” The RSV suggests a man walking in the ruins and using his hand for support. Dillmann changed it to “drowning man” to say “does not a drowning man stretch out his hand?” Beer has “have I not given a helping hand to the poor?” Dhorme has, “I did not strike the poor man with my hand.” Kissane follows this but retains the verb form, “one does not strike the poor man with his hand.”

28 tc The second colon is also difficult; it reads, “if in his destruction to them he cries.” E. Dhorme (Job, 425-26) explains how he thinks “to them” came about, and he restores “to me.” This is the major difficulty in the line, and Dhorme’s suggestion is the simplest resolution.

29 tc The MT has the passive form, and so a subject has to be added: “[a man] is chastened.” The LXX has the active form, indicating “[God] chastens,” but the object “a man” has to be added. It is understandable why the LXX thought this was active, within this sequence of verbs; and that is why it is the inferior reading.

30 tc The Kethib “the strife of his bones is continual,” whereas the Qere has “the multitude of his bones are firm.” The former is the better reading in this passage. It indicates that the pain is caused by the ongoing strife.

31 tc The word רֻטֲפַשׁ (rutafash) is found nowhere else. One suggestion is that it should be יִרְטַב (yirtav, “to become fresh”), connected to רָטַב (ratav, “to be well watered [or moist]”). It is also possible that it was a combination of רָטַב (ratav, “to be well watered”) and טָפַשׁ (tafash, “to grow fat”). But these are all guesses in the commentaries.

32 tn The word describes the period when the man is healthy and vigorous, ripe for what life brings his way.



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