Discovery BoxDeuteronomy 25:9 
Context25:9 then his sister-in-law must approach him in view of the elders, remove his sandal from his foot, and spit in his face. 1 She will then respond, “Thus may it be done to any man who does not maintain his brother’s family line!” 2
Deuteronomy 31:17
Context31:17 At that time 3 my anger will erupt against them 4 and I will abandon them and hide my face from them until they are devoured. Many disasters and distresses will overcome 5 them 6 so that they 7 will say at that time, ‘Have not these disasters 8 overcome us 9 because our 10 God is not among us 11 ?’
1 sn The removal of the sandal was likely symbolic of the relinquishment by the man of any claim to his dead brother’s estate since the sandal was associated with the soil or land (cf. Ruth 4:7-8). Spitting in the face was a sign of utmost disgust or disdain, an emotion the rejected widow would feel toward her uncooperative brother-in-law (cf. Num 12:14; Lev 15:8). See W. Bailey, NIDOTTE 2:544.
2 tn Heb “build the house of his brother”; TEV “refuses to give his brother a descendant”; NLT “refuses to raise up a son for his brother.”
3 tn Heb “on that day.” This same expression also appears later in the verse and in v. 18.
4 tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
5 tn Heb “find,” “encounter.”
6 tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
7 tn Heb “he.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “they.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
8 tn Heb “evils.”
9 tn Heb “me.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “us,” which is necessary in any case in the translation because of contemporary English style.
10 tn Heb “my.”
11 tn Heb “me.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “us,” which is necessary in any case in the translation because of contemporary English style.
