Discovery BoxAmos 5:4-8 
Context5:4 The Lord says this to the family 1 of Israel:
“Seek me 2 so you can live!
Do not visit Gilgal!
Do not journey down 4 to Beer Sheba!
For the people of Gilgal 5 will certainly be carried into exile; 6
and Bethel will become a place where disaster abounds.” 7
5:6 Seek the Lord so you can live!
Otherwise he will break out 8 like fire against Joseph’s 9 family; 10
the fire 11 will consume
and no one will be able to quench it and save Bethel. 12
5:7 The Israelites 13 turn justice into bitterness; 14
they throw what is fair and right 15 to the ground. 16
5:8 (But there is one who made the constellations Pleiades and Orion;
he can turn the darkness into morning
and daylight 17 into night.
He summons the water of the seas
and pours it out on the earth’s surface.
The Lord is his name!
1 tn Heb “house.”
2 sn The following verses explain what it meant to seek the
3 sn Ironically, Israel was to seek after the Lord, but not at Bethel (the name Bethel means “the house of God” in Hebrew).
map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
4 tn Heb “cross over.”
sn To worship at Beer Sheba, northern worshipers had to journey down (i.e., cross the border) between Israel and Judah. Apparently, the popular religion of Israel for some included pilgrimage to holy sites in the South.
5 tn Heb “For Gilgal.” By metonymy the place name “Gilgal” is used instead of referring directly to the inhabitants. The words “the people of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
6 tn In the Hebrew text the statement is emphasized by sound play. The name “Gilgal” sounds like the verb גָּלָה (galah, “to go into exile”), which occurs here in the infinitival + finite verb construction (גָּלֹה יִגְלֶה, galoh yigleh). The repetition of the “ג” (g) and “ל” (l) sounds draws attention to the announcement and suggests that Gilgal’s destiny is inherent in its very name.
sn That the people of Gilgal would be taken into exile is ironic, for Gilgal was Israel’s first campsite when the people entered the land under Joshua and the city became a symbol of Israel’s possession of the promised land.
7 tn Heb “disaster,” or “nothing”; NIV “Bethel will be reduced to nothing.”
sn Again there is irony. The name Bethel means “house of God” in Hebrew. How surprising and tragic that Bethel, the “house of God” where Jacob received the inheritance given to Abraham, would be overrun by disaster.
8 tn Heb “rush.” The verb depicts swift movement.
9 sn Here Joseph (= Ephraim and Manasseh), as the most prominent of the Israelite tribes, represents the entire northern kingdom.
10 tn Heb “house.”
11 tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
12 tn Heb “to/for Bethel.” The translation assumes that the preposition indicates advantage, “on behalf of.” Another option is to take the preposition as vocative, “O Bethel.”
13 tn Heb “Those who”; the referent (the Israelites) has been specified in the translation for clarity. In light of vv. 11-13, it is also possible that the words are directed at a more limited group within the nation – those with social and economic power.
14 tn There is an interesting wordplay here with the verb הָפַךְ (hafakh, “overturn, turn”). Israel “turns” justice into wormwood (cf. 6:12), while the Lord “turns” darkness into morning (v. 8; cf. 4:11; 8:10). Israel’s turning is for evil, whereas the Lord’s is to demonstrate his absolute power and sovereignty.
15 tn Heb “they throw righteousness.”
16 sn In v. 7 the prophet begins to describe the guilty Israelites, but then interrupts his word picture with a parenthetical, but powerful, description of the judge they must face (vv. 8-9). He resumes his description of the sinners in v. 10.
17 tn Heb “darkens the day into night.”
