¹ tn Or “arose.”

² tn The translation “wrapped up” for συνέστειλαν (sunesteilan) is suggested by L&N 79.119, but another interpretation is possible. The same verb could also be translated “removed” (see L&N 15.200), although that sense appears somewhat redundant and out of sequence with the following verb and participle (“carried him out and buried him”).

³ sn Buried. Same day burial was a custom in the Jewish world of the first century (cf. also Deut 21:23).

⁴ tn Literally this is a participle in the Greek text (προσευξάμενοι, proseuxamenoi). It could be translated as a finite verb (“and they prayed and placed their hands on them”) but much smoother English results if the entire coordinate clause is converted to a relative clause that refers back to the apostles.

sn Who prayed. The prayer indicates their acceptance and commissioning for ministry (cf. Deut 34:9).

⁵ tn Or “laid.”

⁶ tn “Some” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

⁷ sn Made loud lamentation. For someone who was stoned to death, lamentation was normally not allowed (m. Sanhedrin 6:6). The remark points to an unjust death.

⁸ tn Or “mourned greatly for him.”

⁹ tn Grk “And now.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

¹⁰ sn Joppa was a seaport on the Philistine coast, in the same location as modern Jaffa.

¹¹ tn Grk “a certain Simon.”

¹² tn Or “You were a guest in the home of” (according to L&N 23.12).

¹³ tn Or “and ate with.” It was table fellowship and the possibility of eating unclean food that disturbed them.

¹⁴ tn The translation “day is breaking” for ἡμέρα γίνεται (Jhmera ginetai) in this verse is given by BDAG 436 s.v. ἡμέρα 1.a.

¹⁵ tn On the term translated “magistrates,” see BDAG 947-48 s.v. στρατηγός 1. These city leaders were properly called duoviri, but were popularly known as praetors (στρατηγοί, strathgoi). They were the chief officials of Philippi. The text leaves the impression that they came to the decision to release Paul and Silas independently. God was at work everywhere.

¹⁶ tn On the term ῥαβδοῦχος (rJabdouco") see BDAG 902 s.v. The term was used of the Roman lictor and roughly corresponds to contemporary English “constable, policeman.”

¹⁷ tn Grk “not a few”; this use of negation could be misleading to the modern English reader, however, and so has been translated as “quite a few” (which is the actual meaning of the expression).

¹⁸ tn Or “respected.”

¹⁹ tn Grk “do this that.”

²⁰ tn Grk “There are four men here.”

²¹ tn L&N 33.469 has “‘there are four men here who have taken a vow’ or ‘we have four men who…’ Ac 21:23.”

²² tn On the term for “vow,” see BDAG 416 s.v. εὐχή 2.