1:29 Indeed, they 1 will be ashamed of the sacred trees
you 2 find so desirable;
you will be embarrassed because of the sacred orchards 3
where you choose to worship.
2:12 Indeed, the Lord who commands armies has planned a day of judgment, 4
for 5 all the high and mighty,
for all who are proud – they will be humiliated;
5:10 Indeed, a large vineyard 6 will produce just a few gallons, 7
and enough seed to yield several bushels 8 will produce less than a bushel.” 9
8:11 Indeed this is what the Lord told me. He took hold of me firmly and warned me not to act like these people: 10
9:5 Indeed every boot that marches and shakes the earth 11
and every garment dragged through blood
is used as fuel for the fire.
14:27 Indeed, 12 the Lord who commands armies has a plan,
and who can possibly frustrate it?
His hand is ready to strike,
and who can possibly stop it? 13
14:32 How will they respond to the messengers of this nation? 14
Indeed, the Lord has made Zion secure;
the oppressed among his people will find safety in her.
30:16 You say, ‘No, we will flee on horses,’
so you will indeed flee.
You say, ‘We will ride on fast horses,’
so your pursuers will be fast.
34:5 He says, 15 “Indeed, my sword has slaughtered heavenly powers. 16
Look, it now descends on Edom, 17
on the people I will annihilate in judgment.”
38:18 Indeed 21 Sheol does not give you thanks;
death does not 22 praise you.
Those who descend into the pit do not anticipate your faithfulness.
47:5 “Sit silently! Go to a hiding place, 23
O daughter of the Babylonians!
Indeed, 24 you will no longer be called ‘Queen of kingdoms.’
48:2 Indeed, they live in the holy city; 25
they trust in 26 the God of Israel,
whose name is the Lord who commands armies.
59:14 Justice is driven back;
godliness 27 stands far off.
Indeed, 28 honesty stumbles in the city square
and morality is not even able to enter.
1 tc The Hebrew text (and the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa) has the third person here, though a few Hebrew
2 tn The second person pronouns in vv. 29-30 are masculine plural, indicating that the rebellious sinners (v. 28) are addressed.
3 tn Or “gardens” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NAB “groves.”
4 tn Heb “indeed [or “for”] the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] has a day.”
5 tn Or “against” (NAB, NASB, NRSV).
6 tn Heb “a ten-yoke vineyard.” The Hebrew term צֶמֶד (tsemed, “yoke”) is here a unit of square measure. Apparently a ten-yoke vineyard covered the same amount of land it would take ten teams of oxen to plow in a certain period of time. The exact size is unknown.
7 tn Heb “one bath.” A bath was a liquid measure. Estimates of its modern equivalent range from approximately six to twelve gallons.
8 tn Heb “a homer.” A homer was a dry measure, the exact size of which is debated. Cf. NCV “ten bushels”; CEV “five bushels.”
9 tn Heb “an ephah.” An ephah was a dry measure; there were ten ephahs in a homer. So this verse envisions major crop failure, where only one-tenth of the anticipated harvest is realized.
10 tc Heb “with strength of hand and he warned me from walking in the way of these people, saying.” Some want to change the pointing of the suffix and thereby emend the Qal imperfect יִסְּרֵנִי (yissÿreni, “he was warning me”) to the more common Piel perfect יִסְּרַנִי (yissÿrani, “he warned me”). Others follow the lead of the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa and read יְסִירֵנִי (yÿsireni, “he was turning me aside,” a Hiphil imperfect from סוּר, sur).
11 tn Heb “Indeed every boot marching with shaking.” On the meaning of סְאוֹן (sÿ’on, “boot”) and the related denominative verb, both of which occur only here, see HALOT 738 s.v. סְאוֹן.
12 tn Or “For” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
13 tn Heb “His hand is outstretched and who will turn it back?”
14 sn The question forces the Philistines to consider the dilemma they will face – surrender and oppression, or battle and death.
15 tn The words “he says” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The Lord speaks at this point.
16 tn Heb “indeed [or “for”] my sword is drenched in the heavens.” The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has תראה (“[my sword] appeared [in the heavens]”), but this is apparently an attempt to make sense out of a difficult metaphor. Cf. NIV “My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens.”
sn In v. 4 the “host of the heaven” refers to the heavenly luminaries (stars and planets, see, among others, Deut 4:19; 17:3; 2 Kgs 17:16; 21:3, 5; 23:4-5; 2 Chr 33:3, 5) that populate the divine/heavenly assembly in mythological and prescientific Israelite thought (see Job 38:7; Isa 14:13). As in 24:21, they are viewed here as opposing God and being defeated in battle.
17 sn Edom is mentioned here as epitomizing the hostile nations that oppose God.
18 tn The rhetorical questions in v. 34a suggest the answer, “Nowhere, they seem to have disappeared in the face of Assyria’s might.”
19 map For location see Map2-B1; Map4-D3; Map5-E2; Map6-A4; Map7-C1.
20 tn Heb “that they rescued Samaria from my hand?” But this gives the impression that the gods of Sepharvaim were responsible for protecting Samaria, which is obviously not the case. The implied subject of the plural verb “rescued” must be the generic “gods of the nations/lands” (vv. 18, 20).
21 tn Or “For” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
22 tn The negative particle is understood by ellipsis in this line. See GKC 483 §152.z.
23 tn Heb “darkness,” which may indicate a place of hiding where a fugitive would seek shelter and protection.
24 tn Or “For” (NASB, NRSV).
25 tn Heb “they call themselves [or “are called”] from the holy city.” The precise meaning of the statement is uncertain. The Niphal of קָרָא (qara’) is combined with the preposition מִן (min) only here. When the Qal of קָרָא is used with מִן, the preposition often indicates the place from which one is summoned (see 46:11). So one could translate, “from the holy city they are summoned,” meaning that they reside there.
26 tn Heb “lean on” (so NASB, NRSV); NAB, NIV “rely on.”
27 tn Or “righteousness” (ASV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); KJV, NAB “justice.”
28 tn Or “for” (KJV, NRSV).