Galatians 3:11

3:11 Now it is clear no one is justified before God by the law, because the righteous one will live by faith. ¹ 

Galatians 3:18

3:18 For if the inheritance is based on the law, it is no longer based on the promise, but God graciously gave ²  it to Abraham through the promise.

Galatians 4:1

4:1 Now I mean that the heir, as long as he is a minor, ³  is no different from a slave, though he is the owner ⁴  of everything.

Galatians 4:7

4:7 So you are no longer a slave but a son, and if you are ⁵  a son, then you are also an heir through God. ⁶ 

Galatians 4:12

4:12 I beg you, brothers and sisters, ⁷  become like me, because I have become like you. You have done me no wrong!

Galatians 4:17

4:17 They court you eagerly, ⁸  but for no good purpose; ⁹  they want to exclude you, so that you would seek them eagerly. ¹⁰ 

Galatians 5:2

5:2 Listen! I, Paul, tell you that if you let yourselves be circumcised, Christ will be of no benefit to you at all!

Galatians 5:10

5:10 I am confident ¹¹  in the Lord that you will accept no other view. ¹²  But the one who is confusing ¹³  you will pay the penalty, ¹⁴  whoever he may be.

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¹ tn Or “The one who is righteous by faith will live” (a quotation from Hab 2:4).

² tn On the translation “graciously gave” for χαρίζομαι (carizomai) see L&N 57.102.

³ tn Grk “a small child.” The Greek term νήπιος (nhpios) refers to a young child, no longer a helpless infant but probably not more than three or four years old (L&N 9.43). The point in context, though, is that this child is too young to take any responsibility for the management of his assets.

⁴ tn Grk “master” or “lord” (κύριος, kurios).

⁵ tn Grk “and if a son, then also an heir.” The words “you are” have been supplied twice to clarify the statement.

⁶ tc The unusual expression διὰ θεοῦ (dia qeou, “through God”) certainly prompted scribes to alter it to more customary or theologically acceptable ones such as διὰ θεόν (dia qeon, “because of God”; F G 1881 pc), διὰ Χριστοῦ (dia Cristou, “through Christ”; 81 630 pc sa), διὰ ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ (dia Ihsou Cristou, “through Jesus Christ”; 1739^c), θεοῦ διὰ Χριστοῦ (“[an heir] of God through Christ”; א² C³ D [P] 0278 [6 326 1505] Ï ar sy), or κληρονόμος μὲν θεοῦ, συγκληρονόμος δὲ Χριστοῦ (klhronomo" men qeou, sugklhronomo" de Cristou, “an heir of God, and fellow-heir with Christ”; Ψ pc [cf. Rom 8:17]). Although it is unusual for Paul to speak of God as an intermediate agent, it is not unprecedented (cf. Gal 1:1; 1 Cor 1:9). Nevertheless, Gal 4:7 is the most direct statement to this effect. Further testimony on behalf of διὰ θεοῦ is to be found in external evidence: The witnesses with this phrase are among the most important in the NT (Ì⁴⁶ א* A B C* 33 1739*^vid lat bo Cl).

⁷ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.

⁸ tn Or “They are zealous for you.”

⁹ tn Or “but not commendably” (BDAG 505 s.v. καλῶς 2).

¹⁰ tn Or “so that you would be zealous.”

¹¹ tn The verb translated “I am confident” (πέποιθα, pepoiqa) comes from the same root in Greek as the words translated “obey” (πείθεσθαι, peiqesqai) in v. 7 and “persuasion” (πεισμονή, peismonh) in v. 8.

¹² tn Grk “that you will think nothing otherwise.”

¹³ tn Or “is stirring you up”; Grk “is troubling you.” In context Paul is referring to the confusion and turmoil caused by those who insist that Gentile converts to Christianity must observe the Mosaic law.

¹⁴ tn Or “will suffer condemnation” (L&N 90.80); Grk “will bear his judgment.” The translation “must pay the penalty” is given as an explanatory gloss on the phrase by BDAG 171 s.v. βαστάζω 2.b.β.