7:8 “As I was contemplating the horns, another horn – a small one – came up between them, and three of the former horns were torn out by the roots to make room for it. 41 This horn had eyes resembling human eyes and a mouth speaking arrogant 42 things.
9:7 “You are righteous, 43 O Lord, but we are humiliated this day 44 – the people 45 of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem and all Israel, both near and far away in all the countries in which you have scattered them, because they have behaved unfaithfully toward you.
9:26 Now after the sixty-two weeks,
an anointed one will be cut off and have nothing. 46
As for the city and the sanctuary,
the people of the coming prince will destroy 47 them.
But his end will come speedily 48 like a flood. 49
Until the end of the war that has been decreed
there will be destruction.
11:40 “At the time of the end the king of the south will attack 50 him. Then the king of the north will storm against him 51 with chariots, horsemen, and a large armada of ships. 52 He 53 will invade lands, passing through them like an overflowing river. 54
1 tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).
2 tn Heb “gave.”
3 tn Heb “hand,” which is often used idiomatically for one’s power and authority. See BDB 390 s.v. יָד 2.
4 tn Or “utensils”; or “articles.”
5 tn Heb “house of God.”
6 sn The land of Babylonia (Heb “the land of Shinar”) is another name for Sumer and Akkad, where Babylon was located (cf. Gen 10:10; 11:2; 14:1, 9; Josh 7:21; Isa 11:11; Zech 5:11).
7 tn Or “gods” (NCV, NRSV, TEV; also later in this verse). The Hebrew term can be used as a numerical plural for many gods or as a plural of majesty for one particular god. Since Nebuchadnezzar was a polytheist, it is not clear if the reference here is to many gods or one particular deity. The plural of majesty, while normally used for Israel’s God, is occasionally used of foreign gods (cf. BDB 43 s.v. אֱלֹהִים 1, 2). See Judg 11:24 (of the Moabite god Chemosh); 1 Sam 5:7 (of the Philistine god Dagon); 1 Kgs 11:33 (of the Canaanite goddess Astarte, the Moabite god Chemosh, and the Ammonite god Milcom); 2 Kgs 19:37 (of the Assyrian god Nisroch). Since gods normally had their own individual temples, Dan 1:2 probably refers to a particular deity, perhaps Marduk, the supreme god of Babylon, or Marduk’s son Nabu, after whom Nebuchadnezzar was named. The name Nebuchadnezzar means “Nabu has protected the son who will inherit” (HALOT 660 s.v. נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר). For a discussion of how temples functioned in Babylonian religion see H. Ringgren, Religions of the Ancient Near East, 77-81.
8 tn Heb “brought.” Though the Hebrew verb “brought” is repeated in this verse, the translation uses “brought…put” for stylistic variation.
9 tn Heb “good of appearance.”
10 tn Heb “knowers of knowledge.”
11 tn Heb “understanders of knowledge.”
12 tn Heb “who had strength.”
13 tn Heb “to stand in the palace of the king.” Cf. vv. 5, 19.
14 sn The language of the Chaldeans referred to here is Akkadian, an East Semitic cuneiform language.
15 tn Heb “Chaldeans” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV). This is an ancient name for the Babylonians.
16 tn Heb “a thing of a day in its day.”
17 tn Heb “from the delicacies of the king.”
18 tn Or “educated.” See HALOT 179 s.v. I גדל.
19 tn Heb “stand before the king.”
20 tn Aram “as one.” For the meaning “without distinction” see the following: F. Rosenthal, Grammar, 36, §64, and p. 93; E. Vogt, Lexicon linguae aramaicae, 60.
21 tn Aram “in their bodies.”
22 tn Aram “the fire did not have power.”
23 tn The Aramaic indefinite active plural is used here like the English passive. So also in v. 28, 29,32.
24 tn Aram “from mankind.” So also in v. 32.
25 tn Aram “your dwelling will be.” So also in v. 32.
26 tn Or perhaps “be made to eat.”
27 sn Nebuchadnezzar’s insanity has features that are associated with the mental disorder known as boanthropy, in which the person so afflicted imagines himself to be an ox or a similar animal and behaves accordingly.
28 tn Aram “until.”
29 tn Aram “until.”
30 tn Or perhaps, “when he had tasted” (cf. NASB) in the sense of officially initiating the commencement of the banquet. The translation above seems preferable, however, given the clear evidence of inebriation in the context (cf. also CEV “he got drunk and ordered”).
31 tn Or “ancestor”; or “predecessor” (also in vv. 11, 13, 18). The Aramaic word translated “father” can on occasion denote these other relationships.
32 tn Or “taken.”
33 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
34 sn Making use of sacred temple vessels for an occasion of reveling and drunkenness such as this would have been a religious affront of shocking proportions to the Jewish captives.
35 tn Aram “heart.”
36 tn Aram “his dwelling.”
37 tn Aram “said.”
38 tn Aram “had eaten the pieces of.” The Aramaic expression is ironic, in that the accusers who had figuratively “eaten the pieces of Daniel” are themselves literally devoured by the lions.
39 tn The Aramaic active impersonal verb is often used as a substitute for the passive.
40 tc The LXX specifies only the two overseers, together with their families, as those who were cast into the lions’ den.
41 tn Aram “were uprooted from before it.”
42 tn Aram “great.” So also in vv. 11, 20.
43 tn Heb “to you (belongs) righteousness.”
44 tn Heb “and to us (belongs) shame of face like this day.”
45 tn Heb “men.”
46 sn The expression have nothing is difficult. Presumably it refers to an absence of support or assistance for the anointed one at the time of his “cutting off.” The KJV rendering “but not for himself,” apparently suggesting a vicarious death, cannot be defended.
47 tc Some witnesses (e.g., the Syriac) understand a passive verb and the preposition עִם (’im, “with) rather than the noun עַם (’am, “people”), thus reading “the city and the sanctuary will be destroyed with the coming prince.”
48 tn The words “will come speedily” are not in the Hebrew text but have been added in the translation for clarity.
49 sn Flood here is a metaphor for sudden destruction.
50 tn Heb “engage in thrusting.”
51 tn The referent of the pronoun is most likely the king of the south, in which case the text describes the king of the north countering the attack of the king of the south.
52 tn Heb “many ships.”
53 tn This most likely refers to the king of the north who, in response to the aggression of the king of the south, launches an invasion of the southern regions.
54 tn Heb “and will overflow and pass over.”