Acts 22:9

22:9 Those who were with me saw the light, but did not understand the voice of the one who was speaking to me.

Acts 22:11

22:11 Since I could not see because of the brilliance of that light, I came to Damascus led by the hand of those who were with me.

Acts 26:13

26:13 about noon along the road, Your Majesty, I saw a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, shining everywhere around me and those traveling with me.

Acts 26:23

26:23 that the Christ was to suffer and be the first to rise from the dead, to proclaim light both to our people 10  and to the Gentiles.” 11 


tn Grk “did not hear” (but see Acts 9:7). BDAG 38 s.v. ἀκούω 7 has “W. acc. τὸν νόμον understand the law Gal 4:21; perh. Ac 22:9; 26:14…belong here.” If the word has this sense here, then a metonymy is present, since the lack of effect is put for a failure to appreciate what was heard.

tn BDAG 106 s.v. ἀπό 5.a has “οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11.”

tn Or “brightness”; Grk “glory.”

tn Grk “by” (ὑπό, Jupo), but this would be too awkward in English following the previous “by.”

tn Grk “O King.”

tn Or “from the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).

tn The word “everywhere” has been supplied in the translation to clarify the meaning of περιλάμψαν (perilamyan). Otherwise the modern reader might think that each of the individuals were encircled by lights or halos. See also Acts 9:7; 22:6, 9.

tn BDAG 277-78 s.v. εἰ 2 has “marker of an indirect question as content, that…Sim. also (Procop. Soph., Ep. 123 χάριν ἔχειν εἰ = that) μαρτυρόμενοςεἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός testifyingthat the Christ was to sufferAc 26:23.”

tn Or “the Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

sn See the note on Christ in 2:31.

10 tn That is, to the Jewish people. Grk “the people”; the word “our” has been supplied to clarify the meaning.

11 sn Note how the context of Paul’s gospel message about Jesus, resurrection, and light both to Jews and to the Gentiles is rooted in the prophetic message of the OT scriptures. Paul was guilty of following God’s call and preaching the scriptural hope.