Lamentations 3:16

ו (Vav) He ground ¹  my teeth in gravel; he trampled ²  me in the dust.

He has broken my teeth with gravel; he has trampled me in the dust.

He has broken my teeth with gravel; He has made me cower in the dust.

He has made me grind my teeth on gravel. He has rolled me in the dust.

He ground my face into the gravel. He pounded me into the mud.

By him my teeth have been broken with crushed stones, and I am bent low in the dust.

He has made my teeth grind on gravel, and made me cower in ashes;

He has also broken my teeth with gravel, And covered me with ashes.

ו (Vav) He ground ¹  my teeth in gravel; he trampled ²  me in the dust.

¹ tn Heb “crushed.”

² tn The Hiphil stem of כָּפַשׁ (kafash) means “to tread down” or “make someone cower.” It is rendered variously: “trampled me in the dust” (NIV), “covered me with ashes” (KJV, NKJV), “ground me into the dust” (NJPS), “made me cower in ashes” (RSV, NRSV), “rubbed my face in the ground” (TEV) and “rubbed me in the dirt” (CEV).