Zechariah 9:9

Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion! Shout, daughter of Jerusalem! Look! Your king is coming to you: he is legitimate ¹  and victorious, ²  humble and riding on a donkey ³  – on a young donkey, the foal of a female donkey.

Ps 2:6; Ps 45:1; Ps 45:6,7; Ps 85:9-12; Ps 97:6-8; Ps 110:1-4; Isa 9:6,7; Isa 12:6; Isa 32:1,2; Isa 40:9; Isa 45:21; Isa 52:9,10; Isa 62:11; Jer 23:5,6; Jer 30:9; Zep 3:14,15; Zec 2:10; Mt 1:21; Mt 11:29; Mt 21:4,5; Mt 21:5-7; Mr 11:7; Mr 11:9,10; Lu 19:30-35; Lu 19:37,38; Joh 1:49; Joh 12:13-15; Joh 12:14-16; Joh 19:15; Ro 3:24-26

¹ tn The Hebrew term צַדִּיק (tsadiq) ordinarily translated “righteous,” frequently occurs, as here, with the idea of conforming to a standard or meeting certain criteria. The Messianic king riding into Jerusalem is fully qualified to take the Davidic throne (cf. 1 Sam 23:3; Isa 9:5-6; 11:4; 16:5; Jer 22:1-5; 23:5-6).

² tn The Hebrew term נוֹשָׁע (nosha’) a Niphal participle of יָשַׁע (yasha’, “to save”) could mean “one delivered” or, if viewed as active, “one bringing salvation” (similar KJV, NIV, NKJV). It is preferable to take the normal passive use of the Niphal and understand that the king, having been delivered, is as a result “victorious” (so also NRSV, TEV, NLT).

³ sn The NT understands this verse to be a prophecy of the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, and properly so (cf. Matt 21:5; John 12:15), but reference to the universal rule of the king in v. 10 reveals that this is a “split prophecy,” that is, it has a two-stage fulfillment. Verse 9 was fulfilled in Jesus’ earthly ministry but v. 10 awaits a millennial consummation (cf. Rev 19:11-16).