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Hosea 2:8

Context
Agricultural Fertility Withdrawn from Israel

2:8 Yet 1  until now 2  she has refused to acknowledge 3  that I 4  was the one

who gave her the grain, the new wine, and the olive oil;

and that it was I who 5  lavished on her the silver and gold –

which they 6  used in worshiping Baal! 7 

Hosea 2:12-13

Context

2:12 I will destroy her vines and fig trees,

about which she said, “These are my wages for prostitution 8 

that my lovers gave to me!”

I will turn her cultivated vines and fig trees 9  into an uncultivated thicket,

so that wild animals 10  will devour them.

2:13 “I will punish her for the festival days

when she burned incense to the Baal idols; 11 

she adorned herself with earrings and jewelry,

and went after her lovers,

but 12  she forgot me!” 13  says the Lord.

1 tn Or “For” (so KJV, NASB); or “But” (so NCV).

2 tn The phrase “until now” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity and smoothness.

3 tn Heb “she does not know” (so NASB, NCV); or “she does not acknowledge.”

4 tn The 1st person common singular independent personal pronoun אָנֹכִי (’anokhi, “I”) is emphatic, since the subject of this verbal clause is already explicit in the verb נָתַתִּי (natatti, Qal perfect 1st person common singular: “I gave”).

5 tn The phrase “that it was I who” does not appear in the Hebrew text here, but is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity.

6 sn The third person plural here is an obvious reference to the Israelites who had been unfaithful to the Lord in spite of all that he had done for them. To maintain the imagery of Israel as the prostitute, a third person feminine singular would be called for; in the interest of literary consistency this has been supplied in some English translations (e.g., NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).

7 tn Heb “for Baal” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV); cf. TEV “in the worship of Baal.”

8 tn Heb “my wages.” The words “for prostitution” are not in the Hebrew text but are supplied for clarity; cf. CEV “gave…as payment for sex.”

9 tn Heb “I will turn them”; the referents (vines and fig trees) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

10 tn Heb “the beasts of the field” (so KJV, NASB); the same expression also occurs in v. 18).

11 tn Heb “the days of the Baals, to whom she burned incense.” The word “festival” is supplied to clarify the referent of “days,” and the word “idols” is supplied in light of the plural “Baals” (cf. NLT “her images of Baal”).

12 tn The vav prefixed to a nonverb (וְאֹתִי, oti) introduces a disjunctive contrastive clause, which is rhetorically powerful.

13 tn The accusative direct object pronoun וְאֹתִי (oti, “me”) is emphatic in the word order of this clause (cf. NIV “but me she forgot”), emphasizing the heinous inappropriateness of Israel’s departure from the Lord.



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