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Romans 2:27

Context
2:27 And will not the physically uncircumcised man 1  who keeps the law judge you who, despite 2  the written code 3  and circumcision, transgress the law?

Romans 5:12

Context
The Amplification of Justification

5:12 So then, just as sin entered the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all people 4  because 5  all sinned –

Romans 14:23

Context
14:23 But the man who doubts is condemned if he eats, because he does not do so from faith, and whatever is not from faith is sin. 6 

1 tn Grk “the uncircumcision by nature.” The word “man” is supplied here to make clear that male circumcision (or uncircumcision) is in view.

2 tn Grk “through,” but here the preposition seems to mean “(along) with,” “though provided with,” as BDAG 224 s.v. διά A.3.c indicates.

3 tn Grk “letter.”

4 tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

5 tn The translation of the phrase ἐφ᾿ ᾧ (ef Jw) has been heavily debated. For a discussion of all the possibilities, see C. E. B. Cranfield, “On Some of the Problems in the Interpretation of Romans 5.12,” SJT 22 (1969): 324-41. Only a few of the major options can be mentioned here: (1) the phrase can be taken as a relative clause in which the pronoun refers to Adam, “death spread to all people in whom [Adam] all sinned.” (2) The phrase can be taken with consecutive (resultative) force, meaning “death spread to all people with the result that all sinned.” (3) Others take the phrase as causal in force: “death spread to all people because all sinned.”

6 tc Some mss insert 16:25-27 at this point. See the tc note at 16:25 for more information.



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