Discovery BoxRevelation 2:2 
Context2:2 ‘I know your works as well as your 1 labor and steadfast endurance, and that you cannot tolerate 2 evil. You have even put to the test 3 those who refer to themselves as apostles (but are not), and have discovered that they are false.
Revelation 2:9
Context2:9 ‘I know the distress you are suffering 4 and your poverty (but you are rich). I also know 5 the slander against you 6 by those who call themselves Jews and really are not, but are a synagogue 7 of Satan.
Revelation 2:13
Context2:13 ‘I know 8 where you live – where Satan’s throne is. Yet 9 you continue to cling 10 to my name and you have not denied your 11 faith in me, 12 even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witness, 13 who was killed in your city 14 where Satan lives.
Revelation 2:19
Context2:19 ‘I know your deeds: your love, faith, 15 service, and steadfast endurance. 16 In fact, 17 your more recent deeds are greater than your earlier ones.
1 tn Although the first possessive pronoun σου (sou) is connected to τὰ ἔργα (ta erga) and the second σου is connected to ὑπομονήν (Jupomonhn), semantically κόπον (kopon) is also to be understood as belonging to the Ephesian church. The translation reflects this.
2 tn The translation “tolerate” seems to capture the sense of βαστάσαι (bastasai) here. BDAG 171 s.v. βαστάζω 2.b.β says, “bear, endure…κακούς Rv 2:2.…bear patiently, put up with: weaknesses of the weak Ro 15:1; cf. IPol 1:2; evil Rv 2:3.”
3 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the participle was broken off from the previous sentence and translated as an indicative verb beginning a new sentence here in the translation.
4 tn Or “know your suffering.” This could refer to suffering or distress caused by persecution (see L&N 22.2).
5 tn Because of the length and complexity of this Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the phrase “I also know” to link this English sentence back to “I know” at the beginning of the verse.
6 tn The words “against you” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
7 sn A synagogue was a place for Jewish prayer and worship, with recognized leadership (e.g., Mt 4:23, Mk 1:21, Lk 4:15, Jn 6:59).
8 tc The shorter reading adopted here has superior ms support (א A C P 2053 al latt co), while the inclusion of “your works and” (τὰ ἔργα σου καί, ta erga sou kai) before “where you reside” is supported by the Byzantine witnesses and is evidently a secondary attempt to harmonize the passage with 2:2, 19; 3:1, 8, 15.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “Yet” to indicate the contrast between their location and their faithful behavior.
10 tn The present indicative verb κρατεῖς (kratei") has been translated as a progressive present.
11 tn Grk “the faith”; here the Greek article is used as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).
12 tn Grk “the faith of me” (τὴν πίστιν μου, thn pistin mou) with the genitive “of me” (μου) functioning objectively.
13 tn Or “martyr.” The Greek word μάρτυς can mean either “witness” or “martyr.”
14 tn Grk “killed among you.” The term “city” does not occur in the Greek text of course, but the expression παρ᾿ ὑμῖν, ὅπου ὁ σατανᾶς κατοικεῖ (par’ Jumin, {opou Jo satana" katoikei) seems to indicate that this is what is meant. See G. B. Caird, Revelation (HNTC), 36-38.
15 tn Grk “and faith.” Here and before the following term καί (kai) has not been translated because English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the next to last and last terms in a list.
16 tn Or “perseverance.”
17 tn The phrase “In fact” is supplied in the translation to bring out the ascensive quality of the clause. It would also be possible to supply here an understood repetition of the phrase “I know” from the beginning of the verse (so NRSV). Grk “and your last deeds [that are] greater than the first.”
