Discovery BoxRevelation 13:8 
Context13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, 1 everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world 2 in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 3
Revelation 21:19
Context21:19 The foundations of the city’s wall are decorated 4 with every kind of precious stone. The first foundation is jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, 5 the fourth emerald,
1 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
2 tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.
3 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
4 tn The perfect participle here has been translated as an intensive (resultative) perfect.
5 sn Agate (also called chalcedony) is a semiprecious stone usually milky or gray in color (L&N 2.32).
