¹ tn Heb “[are] blessed.”

² tn Heb “uncover.” The verb form גַּל (gal) is an apocopated Piel imperative from גָּלָה (galah, see GKC 214 §75.cc).

³ tn The cohortative with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.

⁴ tn Heb “I am a resident alien in the land.” Resident aliens were especially vulnerable and in need of help. They needed to know the social and legal customs of the land to avoid getting into trouble. The translation (note the addition of “like”) assumes the psalmist is speaking metaphorically, not literally.

⁵ tn Heb “the way of your precepts make me understand.”

⁶ tn The cohortative with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.

⁷ tn Heb “your amazing things,” which refers here to the teachings of the law (see v. 18).

⁸ tn Heb “the way of your statutes.”

⁹ tn Heb “and I will keep it to the end.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. The Hebrew term עֵקֶב (’eqev) is understood to mean “end” here. Another option is to take עֵקֶב (’eqev) as meaning “reward” here (see Ps 19:11) and to translate, “so that I might observe it and be rewarded.”

¹⁰ tn The two prefixed verbal forms with vav (ו) conjunctive indicate purpose/result after the introductory imperative.

¹¹ tn Heb “made me and established me.” The two verbs also appear together in Deut 32:6, where God, compared to a father, is said to have “made and established” Israel.

¹² tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.

¹³ tn Heb “do with your servant according to your loyal love.”