Discovery BoxMark 15:15-20 
Context15:15 Because he wanted to satisfy the crowd, Pilate released Barabbas for them. Then, 1 after he had Jesus flogged, 2 he handed him over 3 to be crucified.
15:16 So 4 the soldiers led him into the palace (that is, the governor’s residence) 5 and called together the whole cohort. 6 15:17 They put a purple cloak 7 on him and after braiding 8 a crown of thorns, 9 they put it on him. 15:18 They began to salute him: “Hail, king of the Jews!” 10 15:19 Again and again 11 they struck him on the head with a staff 12 and spit on him. Then they knelt down and paid homage to him. 15:20 When they had finished mocking 13 him, they stripped him of the purple cloak and put his own clothes back on him. Then 14 they led him away to crucify him. 15
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
2 tn The Greek term φραγελλόω (fragellow) refers to flogging. BDAG 1064 s.v. states, “flog, scourge, a punishment inflicted on slaves and provincials after a sentence of death had been pronounced on them. So in the case of Jesus before the crucifixion…Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15.”
sn A Roman flogging (traditionally, “scourging”) was an excruciating punishment. The victim was stripped of his clothes and bound to a post with his hands fastened above him (or sometimes he was thrown to the ground). Guards standing on either side of the victim would incessantly beat him with a whip (flagellum) made out of leather with pieces of lead and bone inserted into its ends. While the Jews only allowed 39 lashes, the Romans had no such limit; many people who received such a beating died as a result. See C. Schneider, TDNT, 4:515-19.
3 tn Or “delivered him up.”
4 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “So” to indicate that the soldiers’ action is in response to Pilate’s condemnation of the prisoner in v. 15.
5 tn Grk “(that is, the praetorium).”
sn The governor’s residence (Grk “praetorium”) was the Roman governor’s official residence. The one in Jerusalem may have been Herod’s palace in the western part of the city, or the fortress Antonia northwest of the temple area.
6 sn A Roman cohort was a tenth of a legion, about 500-600 soldiers.
7 sn The purple cloak probably refers to a military garment which had the color of royal purple, and thus resembled a king’s robe. The soldiers did this to Jesus as a form of mockery in view of the charges that he was a king (cf. 15:2).
8 tn Or “weaving.”
9 sn The crown may have been made from palm spines or some other thorny plant common in Israel. In placing the crown of thorns on his head, the soldiers were unwittingly symbolizing God’s curse on humanity (cf. Gen 3:18) being placed on Jesus. Their purpose would have been to mock Jesus’ claim to be a king; the crown of thorns would have represented the “radiant corona” portrayed on the heads of rulers on coins and other artifacts in the 1st century.
10 tn Or “Long live the King of the Jews!”
sn The statement Hail, King of the Jews! is a mockery patterned after the Romans’ cry of Ave, Caesar (“Hail, Caesar!”).
11 tn The verb here has been translated as an iterative imperfect.
12 tn Or “a reed.” The Greek term can mean either “staff” or “reed.” See BDAG 502 s.v. κάλαμος 2.
13 tn The aorist tense is taken consummatively here.
14 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
