Discovery BoxJohn 1:31 
Context1:31 I did not recognize 1 him, but I came baptizing with water so that he could be revealed to Israel.” 2
John 3:8
Context3:8 The wind 3 blows wherever it will, and you hear the sound it makes, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.” 4
John 3:19
Context3:19 Now this is the basis for judging: 5 that the light has come into the world and people 6 loved the darkness rather than the light, because their deeds were evil.
John 6:11
Context6:11 Then Jesus took the loaves, and when he had given thanks, he distributed the bread to those who were seated. He then did the same with the fish, 7 as much as they wanted.
John 6:14
Context6:14 Now when the people saw the miraculous sign that Jesus 8 performed, they began to say to one another, “This is certainly the Prophet 9 who is to come into the world.” 10
John 12:13
Context12:13 So they took branches of palm trees 11 and went out to meet him. They began to shout, 12 “Hosanna! 13 Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord! 14 Blessed is 15 the king of Israel!”
John 12:38
Context12:38 so that the word 16 of Isaiah the prophet would be fulfilled. He said, 17 “Lord, who has believed our message, and to whom has the arm of the Lord 18 been revealed?” 19
1 tn Or “know.”
2 sn John the Baptist, who has been so reluctant to elaborate his own role, now more than willingly gives his testimony about Jesus. For the author, the emphasis is totally on John the Baptist as a witness to Jesus. No attention is given to the Baptist’s call to national repentance and very little to his baptizing. Everything is focused on what he has to say about Jesus: so that he could be revealed to Israel.
3 tn The same Greek word, πνεύματος (pneumatos), may be translated “wind” or “spirit.”
4 sn Again, the physical illustrates the spiritual, although the force is heightened by the word-play here on wind-spirit (see the note on wind at the beginning of this verse). By the end of the verse, however, the final usage of πνεύματος (pneumatos) refers to the Holy Spirit.
5 tn Or “this is the reason for God judging,” or “this is how judgment works.”
6 tn Grk “and men,” but in a generic sense, referring to people of both genders (as “everyone” in v. 20 makes clear).
7 tn Grk “likewise also (he distributed) from the fish.”
8 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
9 sn The Prophet is a reference to the “prophet like Moses” of Deut 18:15, by this time an eschatological figure in popular belief.
10 sn An allusion to Deut 18:15.
11 sn The Mosaic law stated (Lev 23:40) that branches of palm trees were to be used to celebrate the feast of Tabernacles. Later on they came to be used to celebrate other feasts as well (1 Macc. 13:51, 2 Macc. 10:7).
12 tn Grk “And they were shouting.” An ingressive force for the imperfect tense (“they began to shout” or “they started shouting”) is natural in this sequence of events. The conjunction καί (kai, “and”) is left untranslated to improve the English style.
13 tn The expression ῾Ωσαννά (Jwsanna, literally in Hebrew, “O Lord, save”) in the quotation from Ps 118:25-26 was probably by this time a familiar liturgical expression of praise, on the order of “Hail to the king,” although both the underlying Aramaic and Hebrew expressions meant “O Lord, save us.” As in Mark 11:9 the introductory ὡσαννά is followed by the words of Ps 118:25, εὐλογημένος ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου (euloghmeno" Jo ercomeno" en onomati kuriou), although in the Fourth Gospel the author adds for good measure καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ (kai Jo basileu" tou Israhl). In words familiar to every Jew, the author is indicating that at this point every messianic expectation is now at the point of realization. It is clear from the words of the psalm shouted by the crowd that Jesus is being proclaimed as messianic king. See E. Lohse, TDNT 9:682-84.
sn Hosanna is an Aramaic expression that literally means, “help, I pray,” or “save, I pray.” By Jesus’ time it had become a strictly liturgical formula of praise, however, and was used as an exclamation of praise to God.
14 sn A quotation from Ps 118:25-26.
15 tn Grk “Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel.” The words “Blessed is” are not repeated in the Greek text, but are repeated in the translation to avoid the awkwardness in English of the ascensive καί (kai).
16 tn Or “message.”
17 tn Grk “who said.”
18 tn “The arm of the Lord” is an idiom for “God’s great power” (as exemplified through Jesus’ miraculous signs). This response of unbelief is interpreted by the author as a fulfillment of the prophetic words of Isaiah (Isa 53:1). The phrase ὁ βραχίων κυρίου (Jo braciwn kuriou) is a figurative reference to God’s activity and power which has been revealed in the sign-miracles which Jesus has performed (compare the previous verse).
