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Isaiah 41:2

Context

41:2 Who stirs up this one from the east? 1 

Who 2  officially commissions him for service? 3 

He hands nations over to him, 4 

and enables him to subdue 5  kings.

He makes them like dust with his sword,

like windblown straw with his bow. 6 

Isaiah 46:6

Context

46:6 Those who empty out gold from a purse

and weigh out silver on the scale 7 

hire a metalsmith, who makes it into a god.

They then bow down and worship it.

Isaiah 60:14

Context

60:14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you;

all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet.

They will call you, ‘The City of the Lord,

Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ 8 

1 sn The expression this one from the east refers to the Persian conqueror Cyrus, as later texts indicate (see 44:28-45:6; 46:11; 48:14-16).

2 tn The interrogative particle is understood by ellipsis.

3 tn Heb “[in] righteousness called him to his foot.”

4 tn Heb “he [the Lord] places before him [Cyrus] nations.”

5 tn The verb יַרְדְּ (yardÿ) is an otherwise unattested Hiphil form from רָדָה (radah, “rule”). But the Hiphil makes no sense with “kings” as object; one must understand an ellipsis and supply “him” (Cyrus) as the object. The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has יוֹרִד (yorid), which appears to be a Hiphil form from יָרַד (yarad, “go down”). Others suggest reading יָרֹד (yarod), a Qal form from רָדַד (radad, “beat down”).

6 sn The point is that they are powerless before Cyrus’ military power and scatter before him.

7 tn Heb “the reed,” probably referring to the beam of a scales. See BDB 889 s.v. קָנֶה 4.c.

8 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.



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