Discovery BoxIsaiah 14:23 
Context14:23 “I will turn her into a place that is overrun with wild animals 1
and covered with pools of stagnant water.
I will get rid of her, just as one sweeps away dirt with a broom,” 2
says the Lord who commands armies.
Isaiah 18:2
Context18:2 that sends messengers by sea,
who glide over the water’s surface in boats made of papyrus.
Go, you swift messengers,
to a nation of tall, smooth-skinned people, 3
to a people that are feared far and wide, 4
to a nation strong and victorious, 5
whose land rivers divide. 6
Isaiah 30:14
Context30:14 It shatters in pieces like a clay jar,
so shattered to bits that none of it can be salvaged. 7
Among its fragments one cannot find a shard large enough 8
to scoop a hot coal from a fire 9
or to skim off water from a cistern.” 10
Isaiah 36:16
Context36:16 Don’t listen to Hezekiah!’ For this is what the king of Assyria says, ‘Send me a token of your submission and surrender to me. 11 Then each of you may eat from his own vine and fig tree and drink water from his own cistern,
Isaiah 50:2
Context50:2 Why does no one challenge me when I come?
Why does no one respond when I call? 12
Is my hand too weak 13 to deliver 14 you?
Do I lack the power to rescue you?
Look, with a mere shout 15 I can dry up the sea;
I can turn streams into a desert,
so the fish rot away and die
from lack of water. 16
1 tn Heb “I will make her into a possession of wild animals.” It is uncertain what type of animal קִפֹּד (qippod) refers to. Some suggest a rodent (cf. NASB, NRSV “hedgehog”), others an owl (cf, NAB, NIV, TEV).
2 tn Heb “I will sweep her away with the broom of destruction.”
3 tn The precise meaning of the qualifying terms is uncertain. מְמֻשָּׁךְ (mÿmushakh) appears to be a Pual participle from the verb מָשַׁךְ (mashakh, “to draw, extend”). Lexicographers theorize that it here refers to people who “stretch out,” as it were, or are tall. See BDB 604 s.v. מָשַׁךְ, and HALOT 645-46 s.v. משׁךְ. מוֹרָט (morat) is taken as a Pual participle from מָרַט (marat), which can mean “to pull out [hair],” in the Qal, “become bald” in the Niphal, and “be wiped clean” in the Pual. Lexicographers theorize that the word here refers to people with bare, or smooth, skin. See BDB 598-99 s.v. מָרַט, and HALOT 634-35 s.v. מרט. These proposed meanings, which are based on etymological speculation, must be regarded as tentative.
4 tn Heb “from it and onwards.” HALOT 245 s.v. הָלְאָה suggests the translation “far and wide.”
5 tn Once more the precise meaning of the qualifying terms is uncertain. The expression קַו־קָו (qav-qav) is sometimes related to a proposed Arabic cognate and taken to mean “strength” (see BDB 876 II קַו). Others, on the basis of Isa 28:10, 13, understand the form as gibberish (literally, “kav, kav”) and take it to be a reference to this nation’s strange, unknown language. The form מְבוּסָה (mÿvusah) appears to be derived from בּוּס (bus, “to trample”), so lexicographers suggest the meaning “trampling” or “subjugation,” i.e., a nation that subdues others. See BDB 101 s.v. בּוּס and HALOT 541 s.v. מְבוּסָה. These proposals, which are based on etymological speculation, must be regarded as tentative.
6 tn The precise meaning of the verb בָּזָא (baza’), which occurs only in this oracle (see also v. 7) in the OT, is uncertain. BDB 102 s.v. suggests “divide” on the basis of alleged Aramaic and Arabic cognates; HALOT 117 s.v., citing an alleged Arabic cognate, suggests “wash away.”
7 tn Heb “Its shattering is like the shattering of a jug of [i.e., “made by”] potters, [so] shattered one cannot save [any of it].”
8 tn The words “large enough” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
9 tn Heb “to remove fire from the place of kindling.”
10 tn On the meaning of גֶבֶא (geveh, “cistern”) see HALOT 170 s.v.
11 tn Heb “make with me a blessing and come out to me.”
12 sn The present tense translation of the verbs assumes that the Lord is questioning why Israel does not attempt to counter his arguments. Another possibility is to take the verbs as referring to past events: “Why did no one meet me when I came? Why did no one answer when I called?” In this case the Lord might be asking why Israel rejected his calls to repent and his offer to deliver them.
13 tn Heb “short” (so NAB, NASB, NIV).
14 tn Or “ransom” (NAB, NASB, NIV).
15 tn Heb “with my rebuke.”
16 tn Heb “the fish stink from lack of water and die from thirst.”
