Discovery BoxIsaiah 10:6 
Context10:6 I sent him 1 against a godless 2 nation,
I ordered him to attack the people with whom I was angry, 3
to take plunder and to carry away loot,
to trample them down 4 like dirt in the streets.
Isaiah 10:13
Context10:13 For he says:
“By my strong hand I have accomplished this,
by my strategy that I devised.
I invaded the territory of nations, 5
and looted their storehouses.
Like a mighty conqueror, 6 I brought down rulers. 7
Isaiah 10:33
Context10:33 Look, the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies,
is ready to cut off the branches with terrifying power. 8
The tallest trees 9 will be cut down,
the loftiest ones will be brought low.
Isaiah 11:6
Context11:6 A wolf will reside 10 with a lamb,
and a leopard will lie down with a young goat;
an ox and a young lion will graze together, 11
as a small child leads them along.
Isaiah 11:14
Context11:14 They will swoop down 12 on the Philistine hills to the west; 13
together they will loot the people of the east.
They will take over Edom and Moab, 14
and the Ammonites will be their subjects.
Isaiah 13:11
Context13:11 15 I will punish the world for its evil, 16
and wicked people for their sin.
I will put an end to the pride of the insolent,
I will bring down the arrogance of tyrants. 17
Isaiah 14:11
Context14:11 Your splendor 18 has been brought down to Sheol,
as well as the sound of your stringed instruments. 19
You lie on a bed of maggots,
with a blanket of worms over you. 20
Isaiah 22:2
Context22:2 The noisy city is full of raucous sounds;
the town is filled with revelry. 21
Your slain were not cut down by the sword;
they did not die in battle. 22
Isaiah 24:20
Context24:20 The earth will stagger around 23 like a drunk;
it will sway back and forth like a hut in a windstorm. 24
Its sin will weigh it down,
and it will fall and never get up again.
Isaiah 25:11
Context25:11 Moab 25 will spread out its hands in the middle of it, 26
just as a swimmer spreads his hands to swim;
the Lord 27 will bring down Moab’s 28 pride as it spreads its hands. 29
Isaiah 27:10
Context27:10 For the fortified city 30 is left alone;
it is a deserted settlement
and abandoned like the desert.
Calves 31 graze there;
they lie down there
and eat its branches bare. 32
Isaiah 30:8
Context30:8 Now go, write it 33 down on a tablet in their presence, 34
inscribe it on a scroll,
so that it might be preserved for a future time
as an enduring witness. 35
Isaiah 37:7
Context37:7 Look, I will take control of his mind; 36 he will receive a report and return to his own land. I will cut him down 37 with a sword in his own land.”’”
Isaiah 37:38
Context37:38 One day, 38 as he was worshiping 39 in the temple of his god Nisroch, 40 his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer struck him down with the sword. 41 They ran away to the land of Ararat; his son Esarhaddon replaced him as king.
Isaiah 41:7
Context41:7 The craftsman encourages the metalsmith,
the one who wields the hammer encourages 42 the one who pounds on the anvil.
He approves the quality of the welding, 43
and nails it down so it won’t fall over.”
Isaiah 41:18
Context41:18 I will make streams flow down the slopes
and produce springs in the middle of the valleys.
I will turn the desert into a pool of water
and the arid land into springs.
Isaiah 42:10
Context42:10 Sing to the Lord a brand new song!
Praise him 44 from the horizon of the earth,
you who go down to the sea, and everything that lives in it, 45
you coastlands 46 and those who live there!
Isaiah 43:17
Context43:17 the one who led chariots and horses to destruction, 47
together with a mighty army.
They fell down, 48 never to rise again;
they were extinguished, put out like a burning wick:
Isaiah 44:17
Context44:17 With the rest of it he makes a god, his idol;
he bows down to it and worships it.
He prays to it, saying,
‘Rescue me, for you are my god!’
Isaiah 46:6
Context46:6 Those who empty out gold from a purse
and weigh out silver on the scale 49
hire a metalsmith, who makes it into a god.
They then bow down and worship it.
Isaiah 47:1
Context47:1 “Fall down! Sit in the dirt,
O virgin 50 daughter Babylon!
Sit on the ground, not on a throne,
O daughter of the Babylonians!
Indeed, 51 you will no longer be called delicate and pampered.
Isaiah 49:10
Context49:10 They will not be hungry or thirsty;
the sun’s oppressive heat will not beat down on them, 52
for one who has compassion on them will guide them;
he will lead them to springs of water.
Isaiah 51:23
Context51:23 I will put it into the hand of your tormentors 53
who said to you, ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you.’
You made your back like the ground,
and like the street for those who walked over you.”
Isaiah 60:10
Context60:10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls;
their kings will serve you.
Even though I struck you down in my anger,
I will restore my favor and have compassion on you. 54
Isaiah 60:14
Context60:14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you;
all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet.
They will call you, ‘The City of the Lord,
Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ 55
Isaiah 63:14
Context63:14 Like an animal that goes down into a valley to graze, 56
so the Spirit of the Lord granted them rest.
In this way 57 you guided your people,
gaining for yourself an honored reputation. 58
1 sn Throughout this section singular forms are used to refer to Assyria; perhaps the king of Assyria is in view (see v. 12).
2 tn Or “defiled”; cf. ASV “profane”; NAB “impious”; NCV “separated from God.”
3 tn Heb “and against the people of my anger I ordered him.”
4 tn Heb “to make it [i.e., the people] a trampled place.”
5 tn Heb “removed the borders of nations”; cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV “boundaries.”
6 tc The consonantal text (Kethib) has כְּאַבִּיר (kÿ’abir, “like a strong one”); the marginal reading (Qere) is כַּבִיר (kavir, “mighty one”).
7 tn Heb “and I brought down, like a strong one, ones sitting [or “living”].” The participle יוֹשְׁבִים (yoshÿvim, “ones sitting”) could refer to the inhabitants of the nations, but the translation assumes that it refers to those who sit on thrones, i.e., rulers. See BDB 442 s.v. יָשַׁב and HALOT 444 s.v. ישׁב.
8 tc The Hebrew text reads “with terrifying power,” or “with a crash.” מַעֲרָצָה (ma’aratsah, “terrifying power” or “crash”) occurs only here. Several have suggested an emendation to מַעֲצָד (ma’atsad, “ax”) parallel to “ax” in v. 34; see HALOT 615 s.v. מַעֲצָד and H. Wildberger, Isaiah, 1:448.
sn As in vv. 12 (see the note there) and 18, the Assyrians are compared to a tree/forest in vv. 33-34.
9 tn Heb “the exalted of the height.” This could refer to the highest branches (cf. TEV) or the tallest trees (cf. NIV, NRSV).
10 tn The verb גּוּר (gur) normally refers to living as a dependent, resident alien in another society.
11 tc The Hebrew text reads, “and an ox, and a young lion, and a fatling together.” Since the preceding lines refer to two animals and include a verb, many emend וּמְרִיא (umÿri’, “and the fatling”) to an otherwise unattested verb יִמְרְאוּ (yimrÿ’u, “they will graze”); cf. NAB, TEV, CEV. One of the Qumran copies of Isaiah confirms this suggestion (1QIsaa). The present translation assumes this change.
12 tn Heb “fly.” Ephraim/Judah are compared to a bird of prey.
13 tn Heb “on the shoulder of Philistia toward the sea.” This refers to the slopes of the hill country west of Judah. See HALOT 506 s.v. כָּתֵף.
14 tn Heb “Edom and Moab [will be the place of] the outstretching of their hand,” i.e., included in their area of jurisdiction (see HALOT 648 s.v. ח(וֹ)מִשְׁלֹ).
15 sn The Lord is definitely speaking (again?) at this point. See the note at v. 4.
16 tn Or “I will bring disaster on the world.” Hebrew רָעָה (ra’ah) could refer to the judgment (i.e., disaster, calamity) or to the evil that prompts it. The structure of the parallel line favors the latter interpretation.
17 tn Or perhaps, “the violent”; cf. NASB, NIV “the ruthless.”
18 tn Or “pride” (NCV, CEV); KJV, NIV, NRSV “pomp.”
19 tn Or “harps” (NAB, NIV, NRSV).
20 tn Heb “under you maggots are spread out, and worms are your cover.”
21 tn Heb “the boisterous town.” The phrase is parallel to “the noisy city” in the preceding line.
22 sn Apparently they died from starvation during the siege that preceded the final conquest of the city. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:409.
23 tn Heb “staggering, staggers.” The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute before the finite verb for emphasis and sound play.
24 tn The words “in a windstorm” are supplied in the translation to clarify the metaphor.
25 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
26 tn The antecedent of the third masculine singular pronominal suffix is probably the masculine noun מַתְבֵּן (matben, “heap of straw”) in v. 10 rather than the feminine noun מַדְמֵנָה (madmenah, “manure pile”), also in v. 10.
27 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
28 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
29 tn The Hebrew text has, “he will bring down his pride along with the [?] of his hands.” The meaning of אָרְבּוֹת (’arbot), which occurs only here in the OT, is unknown. Some (see BDB 70 s.v. אָרְבָּה) translate “artifice, cleverness,” relating the form to the verbal root אָרָב (’arav, “to lie in wait, ambush”), but this requires some convoluted semantic reasoning. HALOT 83 s.v. *אָרְבָּה suggests the meaning “[nimble] movements.” The translation above, which attempts to relate the form to the preceding context, is purely speculative.
30 sn The identity of this city is uncertain. The context suggests that an Israelite city, perhaps Samaria or Jerusalem, is in view. For discussions of interpretive options see J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:496-97, and Paul L. Redditt, “Once Again, the City in Isaiah 24-27,” HAR 10 (1986), 332.
31 tn The singular form in the text is probably collective.
32 tn Heb “and destroy her branches.” The city is the antecedent of the third feminine singular pronominal suffix. Apparently the city is here compared to a tree. See also v. 11.
33 tn The referent of the third feminine singular pronominal suffix is uncertain. Perhaps it refers to the preceding message, which accuses the people of rejecting the Lord’s help in favor of an alliance with Egypt.
34 tn Heb “with them.” On the use of the preposition here, see BDB 86 s.v. II אֵת.
35 sn Recording the message will enable the prophet to use it in the future as evidence that God warned his people of impending judgment and clearly spelled out the nation’s guilt. An official record of the message will also serve as proof of the prophet’s authority as God’s spokesman.
36 tn Heb “I will put in him a spirit.” The precise sense of רוּחַ (ruakh, “spirit”) is uncertain in this context. It may refer to a spiritual being who will take control of his mind (see 1 Kgs 22:19), or it could refer to a disposition of concern and fear. In either case the Lord’s sovereignty over the king is apparent.
37 tn Heb “cause him to fall” (so KJV, ASV, NAB), that is, “kill him.”
38 sn The assassination of King Sennacherib probably took place in 681
39 tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
40 sn No such Mesopotamian god is presently known. Perhaps the name Nisroch is a corruption of Nusku.
41 sn Extra-biblical sources also mention the assassination of Sennacherib, though they refer to only one assassin. See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 239-40.
42 tn The verb “encourages” is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
43 tn Heb “saying of the welding, ‘It is good.’”
44 tn Heb “his praise.” The phrase stands parallel to “new song” in the previous line.
45 tn Heb “and its fullness”; NASB, NIV “and all that is in it.”
46 tn Or “islands” (NASB, NIV); NLT “distant coastlands.”
47 tn Heb “led out chariots and horses.” The words “to destruction” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The verse refers to the destruction of the Egyptians at the Red Sea.
48 tn Heb “lay down”; NAB “lie prostrate together”; CEV “lie dead”; NRSV “they lie down.”
49 tn Heb “the reed,” probably referring to the beam of a scales. See BDB 889 s.v. קָנֶה 4.c.
50 tn בְּתוּלַה (bÿtulah) often refers to a virgin, but the phrase “virgin daughter” is apparently stylized (see also 23:12; 37:22). In the extended metaphor of this chapter, where Babylon is personified as a queen (vv. 5, 7), she is depicted as being both a wife and mother (vv. 8-9).
51 tn Or “For” (NASB, NRSV).
52 tn Heb “and the heat and the sun will not strike them.” In Isa 35:7, its only other occurrence in the OT, שָׁרָב (sharav) stands parallel to “parched ground” and in contrast to “pool.” In later Hebrew and Aramaic it refers to “dry heat, heat of the sun” (Jastrow 1627 s.v.). Here it likely has this nuance and forms a hendiadys with “sun.”
53 tn That is, to make them drink it.
54 tn Heb “in my favor I will have compassion on you.”
55 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
56 tn The words “to graze” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
57 tn Or “so” (KJV, ASV), or “thus” (NAB, NRSV).
58 tn Heb “making for yourself a majestic name.”
