Discovery BoxDeuteronomy 3:3-11 
Context3:3 So the Lord our God did indeed give over to us King Og of Bashan and his whole army and we struck them down until not a single survivor was left. 1 3:4 We captured all his cities at that time – there was not a town we did not take from them – sixty cities, all the region of Argob, 2 the dominion of Og in Bashan. 3:5 All of these cities were fortified by high walls, gates, and locking bars; 3 in addition there were a great many open villages. 4 3:6 We put all of these under divine judgment 5 just as we had done to King Sihon of Heshbon – every occupied city, 6 including women and children. 3:7 But all the livestock and plunder from the cities we kept for ourselves. 3:8 So at that time we took the land of the two Amorite kings in the Transjordan from Wadi Arnon to Mount Hermon 7 3:9 (the Sidonians 8 call Hermon Sirion 9 and the Amorites call it Senir), 10 3:10 all the cities of the plateau, all of Gilead and Bashan as far as Salecah 11 and Edrei, 12 cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan. 3:11 Only King Og of Bashan was left of the remaining Rephaites. (It is noteworthy 13 that his sarcophagus 14 was made of iron. 15 Does it not, indeed, still remain in Rabbath 16 of the Ammonites? It is thirteen and a half feet 17 long and six feet 18 wide according to standard measure.) 19
Deuteronomy 3:21
Context3:21 I also commanded Joshua at the same time, “You have seen everything the Lord your God did to these two kings; he 20 will do the same to all the kingdoms where you are going. 21
1 tn Heb “was left to him.” The final phrase “to him” is redundant in English and has been left untranslated.
2 sn Argob. This is a subdistrict of Bashan, perhaps north of the Yarmuk River. See Y. Aharoni, Land of the Bible, 314.
3 tn Or “high walls and barred gates” (NLT); Heb “high walls, gates, and bars.” Since “bars” could be understood to mean “saloons,” the qualifying adjective “locking” has been supplied in the translation.
4 tn The Hebrew term פְּרָזִי (pÿraziy) refers to rural areas, at the most “unwalled villages” (KJV, NASB “unwalled towns”).
5 tn Heb “we put them under the ban” (נַחֲרֵם, nakharem). See note at 2:34.
sn The divine curse. See note on this phrase in Deut 2:34.
6 tn Heb “city of men.”
7 sn Mount Hermon. This is the famous peak at the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range known today as Jebel es-Sheik.
8 sn Sidonians were Phoenician inhabitants of the city of Sidon (now in Lebanon), about 47 mi (75 km) north of Mount Carmel.
9 sn Sirion. This name is attested in the Ugaritic texts as sryn. See UT 495.
10 sn Senir. Probably this was actually one of the peaks of Hermon and not the main mountain (Song of Songs 4:8; 1 Chr 5:23). It is mentioned in a royal inscription of Shalmaneser III of Assyria (saniru; see ANET 280).
11 sn Salecah. Today this is known as Salkhad, in Jordan, about 31 mi (50 km) east of the Jordan River in the Hauran Desert.
12 sn Edrei. See note on this term in 3:1.
13 tn Heb “Behold” (הִנֵּה, hinneh).
14 tn The Hebrew term עֶרֶשׂ (’eres), traditionally translated “bed” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT) is likely a basaltic (volcanic) stone sarcophagus of suitable size to contain the coffin of the giant Rephaite king. Its iron-like color and texture caused it to be described as an iron container. See A. Millard, “King Og’s Iron Bed: Fact or Fancy?” BR 6 (1990): 16-21, 44; cf. also NEB “his sarcophagus of basalt”; TEV, CEV “his coffin.”
15 tn Or “of iron-colored basalt.” See note on the word “sarcophagus” earlier in this verse.
16 sn Rabbath. This place name (usually occurring as Rabbah; 2 Sam 11:11; 12:27; Jer 49:3) refers to the ancient capital of the Ammonite kingdom, now the modern city of Amman, Jordan. The word means “great [one],” probably because of its political importance. The fact that the sarcophagus “still remain[ed]” there suggests this part of the verse is post-Mosaic, having been added as a matter of explanation for the existence of the artifact and also to verify the claim as to its size.
17 tn Heb “nine cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 in (45 cm) for the standard cubit, this would be 13.5 ft (4.1 m) long.
18 tn Heb “four cubits.” This would be 6 ft (1.8 m) wide.
19 tn Heb “by the cubit of man.” This probably refers to the “short” or “regular” cubit of approximately 18 in (45 cm).
20 tn Heb “the
21 tn Heb “which you are crossing over there.”
