Discovery Box2 Kings 25:1 
Context25:1 So King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside 1 it. They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign. 2
2 Kings 25:8-30
Context25:8 On the seventh 3 day of the fifth month, 4 in the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard 5 who served the king of Babylon, arrived in Jerusalem. 6 25:9 He burned down the Lord’s temple, the royal palace, and all the houses in Jerusalem, including every large house. 7 25:10 The whole Babylonian army that came with the captain of the royal guard tore down the walls that surrounded Jerusalem. 25:11 Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard, deported the rest of the people who were left in the city, those who had deserted to the king of Babylon, and the rest of the craftsmen. 8 25:12 But he 9 left behind some of the poor of the land and gave them fields and vineyards.
25:13 The Babylonians broke the two bronze pillars in the Lord’s temple, as well as the movable stands and the big bronze basin called the “The Sea.” 10 They took the bronze to Babylon. 25:14 They also took the pots, shovels, 11 trimming shears, 12 pans, and all the bronze utensils used by the priests. 13 25:15 The captain of the royal guard took the golden and silver censers 14 and basins. 25:16 The bronze of the items that King Solomon made for the Lord’s temple – including the two pillars, the big bronze basin called “The Sea,” the twelve bronze bulls under “The Sea,” 15 and the movable stands – was too heavy to be weighed. 25:17 Each of the pillars was about twenty-seven feet 16 high. The bronze top of one pillar was about four and a half feet 17 high and had bronze latticework and pomegranate shaped ornaments all around it. The second pillar with its latticework was like it.
25:18 The captain of the royal guard took Seraiah the chief priest and Zephaniah, the priest who was second in rank, and the three doorkeepers. 25:19 From the city he took a eunuch who was in charge of the soldiers, five 18 of the king’s advisers 19 who were discovered in the city, an official army secretary who drafted citizens 20 for military service, and sixty citizens from the people of the land who were discovered in the city. 25:20 Nebuzaradan, captain of the royal guard, took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah. 25:21 The king of Babylon ordered them to be executed 21 at Riblah in the territory 22 of Hamath. So Judah was deported from its land.
25:22 Now King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, as governor over the people whom he allowed to remain in the land of Judah. 23 25:23 All of the officers of the Judahite army 24 and their troops heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah to govern. So they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. The officers who came were Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan son of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of the Maacathite. 25:24 Gedaliah took an oath so as to give them and their troops some assurance of safety. 25 He said, “You don’t need to be afraid to submit to the Babylonian officials. Settle down in the land and submit to the king of Babylon. Then things will go well for you.” 25:25 But in the seventh month 26 Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, who was a member of the royal family, 27 came with ten of his men and murdered Gedaliah, 28 as well as the Judeans and Babylonians who were with him at Mizpah. 25:26 Then all the people, from the youngest to the oldest, as well as the army officers, left for 29 Egypt, because they were afraid of what the Babylonians might do.
25:27 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin of Judah, on the twenty-seventh 30 day of the twelfth month, 31 King Evil-Merodach of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, pardoned 32 King Jehoiachin of Judah and released him 33 from prison. 25:28 He spoke kindly to him and gave him a more prestigious position than 34 the other kings who were with him in Babylon. 25:29 Jehoiachin 35 took off his prison clothes and ate daily in the king’s presence for the rest of his life. 25:30 He was given daily provisions by the king for the rest of his life until the day he died. 36
1 tn Or “against.”
2 sn This would have been Jan 15, 588
3 tn The parallel account in Jer 52:12 has “tenth.”
4 sn The seventh day of the month would have been August 14, 586
5 tn For the meaning of this phrase see BDB 371 s.v. טַבָּח 2, and compare the usage in Gen 39:1.
6 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
7 tn Heb “and every large house he burned down with fire.”
8 tc The MT has “the multitude.” But הֶהָמוֹן (hehamon) should probably be emended to הֶאָמוֹן (he’amon).
9 tn Heb “the captain of the royal guard.” However, the subject is clear from the preceding and contemporary English style would normally avoid repeating the proper name and title.
10 sn See the note at 1 Kgs 7:23.
11 sn These shovels were used to clean the altar.
12 sn These were used to trim the wicks.
13 tn Heb “with which they served [or, ‘fulfilled their duty’].”
14 sn These held the embers used for the incense offerings.
15 tc The MT lacks “the twelve bronze bulls under ‘the Sea,’” but these words have probably been accidentally omitted by homoioarcton. The scribe’s eye may have jumped from the וְהָ (vÿha-) on וְהַבָּקָר (vÿhabbaqar), “and the bulls,” to the וְהָ on וְהַמְּכֹנוֹת (vÿhammÿkhonot), “and the movable stands,” causing him to leave out the intervening words. See the parallel passage in Jer 52:20.
16 tn Heb “eighteen cubits.” The standard cubit in the OT is assumed by most authorities to be about eighteen inches (45 cm) long.
17 tn Heb “three cubits.” The parallel passage in Jer 52:22 has “five.”
18 tn The parallel passage in Jer 52:25 has “seven.”
19 tn Heb “five seers of the king’s face.”
20 tn Heb “the people of the land.”
21 tn Heb “struck them down and killed them.”
22 tn Heb “land.”
23 tn Heb “And the people who were left in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon left, he appointed over them Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan.”
24 tn Heb “of the army.” The word “Judahite” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
25 tn The words “so as to give them…some assurance of safety” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
26 sn It is not altogether clear whether this is in the same year that Jerusalem fell or not. The wall was breached in the fourth month (= early July; Jer 39:2) and Nebuzaradan came and burned the palace, the temple, and many of the houses and tore down the wall in the fifth month (= early August; Jer 52:12). That would have left time between the fifth month and the seventh month (October) to gather in the harvest of grapes, dates and figs, and olives (Jer 40:12). However, many commentators feel that too much activity takes place in too short a time for this to have been in the same year and posit that it happened the following year or even five years later when a further deportation took place, possibly in retaliation for the murder of Gedaliah and the Babylonian garrison at Mizpah (Jer 52:30). The assassination of Gedaliah had momentous consequences and was commemorated in one of the post exilic fast days lamenting the fall of Jerusalem (Zech 8:19).
27 tn Heb “[was] from the seed of the kingdom.”
28 tn Heb “and they struck down Gedaliah and he died.”
29 tn Heb “arose and went to.”
30 sn The parallel account in Jer 52:31 has “twenty-fifth.”
31 sn The twenty-seventh day would be March 22, 561
32 tn Heb “lifted up the head of.”
33 tn The words “released him” are supplied in the translation on the basis of Jer 52:31.
34 tn Heb “made his throne above the throne of.”
35 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoiachin) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
36 tc The words “until the day he died” do not appear in the MT, but they are included in the parallel passage in Jer 52:34. Probably they have been accidentally omitted by homoioteleuton. A scribe’s eye jumped from the final vav (ו) on בְּיוֹמוֹ (bÿyomo), “in his day,” to the final vav (ו) on מוֹתוֹ (moto), “his death,” leaving out the intervening words.
