Romans 1:20

1:20 For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes – his eternal power and divine nature – have been clearly seen, because they are understood through what has been made. So people ¹  are without excuse.

Romans 2:29

2:29 but someone is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is of the heart ²  by the Spirit ³  and not by the written code. ⁴  This person’s ⁵  praise is not from people but from God.

Romans 9:33

9:33 just as it is written,

“Look, I am laying in Zion a stone that will cause people to stumble

and a rock that will make them fall, ⁶ 

yet the one who believes in him will not be put to shame.” ⁷ 

---

¹ tn Grk “they”; the referent (people) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² sn On circumcision is of the heart see Lev 26:41; Deut 10:16; Jer 4:4; Ezek 44:9.

³ tn Some have taken the phrase ἐν πνεύματι (en pneumati, “by/in [the] S/spirit”) not as a reference to the Holy Spirit, but referring to circumcision as “spiritual and not literal” (RSV).

⁴ tn Grk “letter.”

⁵ tn Grk “whose.” The relative pronoun has been replaced by the phrase “this person’s” and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started in the translation.

⁶ tn Grk “a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.”

⁷ sn A quotation from Isa 28:16; 8:14.