Revelation 6:9

6:9 Now ¹  when the Lamb opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been violently killed ²  because of the word of God and because of the testimony they had given.

Revelation 7:4

7:4 Now ³  I heard the number of those who were marked with the seal, ⁴  one hundred and forty-four thousand, sealed from all ⁵  the tribes of the people of Israel: ⁶ 

Revelation 14:2

14:2 I also heard a sound ⁷  coming out of heaven like the sound of many waters and like the sound of loud thunder. Now ⁸  the sound I heard was like that made by harpists playing their harps,

Revelation 17:4

17:4 Now ⁹  the woman was dressed in purple and scarlet clothing, ¹⁰  and adorned with gold, ¹¹  precious stones, and pearls. She held ¹²  in her hand a golden cup filled with detestable things and unclean things from her sexual immorality. ¹³ 

Revelation 21:16

21:16 Now ¹⁴  the city is laid out as a square, ¹⁵  its length and width the same. He ¹⁶  measured the city with the measuring rod ¹⁷  at fourteen hundred miles ¹⁸  (its length and width and height are equal).

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¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of a new and somewhat different topic after the introduction of the four riders.

² tn Or “murdered.” See the note on the word “butcher” in 6:4.

³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of new but related material.

⁴ tn Grk “who were sealed.”

⁵ tn Normally, “every,” but since 144,000 is the total number, “all” is clearer here.

⁶ tn Grk “the sons of Israel,” normally an idiom for the Israelites as an ethnic entity (L&N 11.58). However, many scholars understand the expression in this context to refer to Christians rather than ethnic Israelites.

⁷ tn Or “a voice” (cf. Rev 1:15), but since in this context nothing is mentioned as the content of the voice, it is preferable to translate φωνή (fwnh) as “sound” here.

⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of a new topic.

⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the detailed description of the woman, which is somewhat parenthetical in nature.

¹⁰ tn The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors.

¹¹ tn Grk “gilded with gold” (an instance of semantic reinforcement, see L&N 49.29).

¹² tn Grk “pearls, having in her hand.” Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

¹³ tc Several mss (including 1611 1854 2053 Ï^K pc) read “sexual immorality on/of the earth” (πορνείας τῆς γῆς, porneia" th" gh") instead of “her sexual immorality.” Other mss (א sy^h** [co]) read “her sexual immorality and the earth’s” (πορνείας αὐτῆς καὶ τῆς γῆς, porneia" aujth" kai th" gh"). The translation is a rendering of πορνείας αὐτῆς, found in {A 1006 2344 al}. It seems that the first reading “sexuality immorality on/of the earth” was a scribal mistake in which letters may have been confused (auths would have been read as thsghs), or was perhaps influenced by the presence of “of the world” (τῆς γῆς) at the end of v. 5. The original wording seems to be “her sexual immorality”; codex א has conflated the two readings.

¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the somewhat parenthetical nature of the description of the city.

¹⁵ tn Or “the city lies square.” On κεῖμαι (keimai) in this context, BDAG 537 s.v. 2 states, “lie, of things…ἡ πόλις τετράγωνος κεῖται is laid out as a square Rv 21:16.”

¹⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

¹⁷ tn Grk “with the rod”; the word “measuring” is supplied from the description in v. 15.

¹⁸ tn Or “two thousand two hundred kilometers,” Grk “12,000 stades.” A stade was a measure of length about 607 ft (185 m).