6:5 Then 15 when the Lamb opened the third seal I heard the third living creature saying, “Come!” So 16 I looked, 17 and here came 18 a black horse! The 19 one who rode it 20 had a balance scale 21 in his hand.
22:16 “I, Jesus, have sent my angel to testify to you about these things for the churches. I am the root and the descendant of David, the bright morning star!” 32
1 tn Or “know your suffering.” This could refer to suffering or distress caused by persecution (see L&N 22.2).
2 tn Because of the length and complexity of this Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the phrase “I also know” to link this English sentence back to “I know” at the beginning of the verse.
3 tn The words “against you” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
4 sn A synagogue was a place for Jewish prayer and worship, with recognized leadership (e.g., Mt 4:23, Mk 1:21, Lk 4:15, Jn 6:59).
5 tn The expression πῶς εἴληφας καὶ ἤκουσας (pw" eilhfa" kai hkousa") probably refers to the initial instruction in the Christian life they had received and been taught; this included doctrine and ethical teaching.
6 tn Grk “keep it,” in the sense of obeying what they had initially been taught.
7 tn The negation here is with οὐ μή (ou mh, the strongest possible form of negation in Koine Greek).
8 tn Or “come on.”
9 tn Grk “Behold.”
10 tn Grk “come in to him.”
sn The expression in Greek does not mean entrance into the person, as is popularly taken, but entrance into a room or building toward the person. See ExSyn 380-82. Some interpreters understand the door here to be the door to the Laodicean church, and thus a collective or corporate image rather than an individual one.
11 tn Grk “The one who conquers, to him I will grant.”
12 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
13 tn Grk “I will give [grant] to him.”
14 tn Or “have been victorious”; traditionally, “have overcome.”
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
16 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the summons by the third creature.
17 tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to have come through the
18 tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).
19 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
20 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
21 sn A balance scale would have been a rod held by a rope in the middle with pans attached to both ends for measuring.
22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
23 tn The words “just then” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
24 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the instructions given by the angel.
25 tn Grk “it was.” The idea of taste is implied.
26 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
27 tn Or “a voice” (cf. Rev 1:15), but since in this context nothing is mentioned as the content of the voice, it is preferable to translate φωνή (fwnh) as “sound” here.
28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of a new topic.
29 tn “As much as” is the translation of ὅσα (Josa).
30 tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”
31 tn Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.
32 tn On this expression BDAG 892 s.v. πρωϊνός states, “early, belonging to the morning ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ πρ. the morning star, Venus Rv 2:28; 22:16.”