Revelation 11:10

11:10 And those who live on the earth will rejoice over them and celebrate, even sending gifts to each other, because these two prophets had tormented those who live on the earth.

Revelation 12:5

12:5 So ¹  the woman gave birth to a son, a male child, ²  who is going to rule ³  over all the nations ⁴  with an iron rod. ⁵  Her ⁶  child was suddenly caught up to God and to his throne,

Revelation 14:19

14:19 So ⁷  the angel swung his sickle over the earth and gathered the grapes from the vineyard ⁸  of the earth and tossed them into the great ⁹  winepress of the wrath of God.

Revelation 15:3

15:3 They ¹⁰  sang the song of Moses the servant ¹¹  of God and the song of the Lamb: ¹² 

“Great and astounding are your deeds,

Lord God, the All-Powerful! ¹³ 

Just ¹⁴  and true are your ways,

King over the nations! ¹⁵ 

Revelation 16:9

16:9 Thus ¹⁶  people ¹⁷  were scorched by the terrible heat, ¹⁸  yet ¹⁹  they blasphemed the name of God, who has ruling authority ²⁰  over these plagues, and they would not repent and give him glory.

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¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the conclusion of the anticipated birth.

² tn On this term BDAG 135 s.v. ἄρσην states: “male…The neut. ἄρσεν Rv 12:5, difft. vs. 13, comes fr. Is 66:7 and is in apposition to υἱόν. On the juxtaposition s. FBoll, ZNW 15, 1914, 253; BOlsson, Glotta 23, ’34, 112.”

³ tn Grk “shepherd.”

⁴ tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

⁵ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

sn An allusion to Ps 2:9 (see also Rev 2:27; 19:15).

⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the angel’s directions.

⁸ tn Or “vine.” BDAG 54 s.v. ἄμπελος a states, “τρυγᾶν τοὺς βότρυας τῆς ἀ. τῆς γῆς to harvest the grapes fr. the vine of the earth (i.e. fr. the earth, symbol. repr. as a grapevine) Rv 14:18f; but ἀ may be taking on the meaning of ἀμπελών, as oft. in pap., possibly PHib. 70b, 2 [III bc].” The latter alternative has been followed in the translation (ἀμπελών = “vineyard”).

⁹ tn Although the gender of μέγαν (megan, masc.) does not match the gender of ληνόν (lhnon, fem.) it has been taken to modify that word (as do most English translations).

¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

¹¹ tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.

¹² tn Grk “saying.” The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

¹³ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”

¹⁴ tn Or “righteous,” although the context favors justice as the theme.

¹⁵ tc Certain mss (Ì⁴⁷ א*^,2 C 1006 1611 1841 pc) read “ages” (αἰώνων, aiwnwn) instead of “nations” (ἐθνῶν, eqnwn), which itself is supported by several mss (א¹ A 051 Ï). The ms evidence seems to be fairly balanced, though αἰώνων has somewhat better support. The replacement of “ages” with “nations” is possibly a scribal attempt to harmonize this verse with the use of “nations” in the following verse. On the other hand, the idea of “nations” fits well with v. 4 and it may be that “ages” is a scribal attempt to assimilate this text to 1 Tim 1:17: “the king of the ages” (βασιλεὺς τῶν αἰώνων, basileu" twn aiwnwn). The decision is a difficult one since both scenarios deal well with the evidence, though the verbal parallel with 1 Tim 1:17 is exact while the parallel with v. 4 is not. The term “king” occurs 17 other times (most occurrences refer to earthly kings) in Revelation and it is not used with either “ages” or “nations” apart from this verse. Probably the reading “nations” should be considered original due to the influence of 1 Tim 1:17.

¹⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “thus” to indicate the implied result of the bowl poured on the sun.

¹⁷ tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

¹⁸ tn On this phrase BDAG 536 s.v. καῦμα states, “burning, heat Rv 7:16…καυματίζεσθαι κ. μέγα be burned with a scorching heat 16:9.”

¹⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

²⁰ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.