Psalms 22:12-13

22:12 Many bulls surround me;

powerful bulls of Bashan hem me in.

22:13 They open their mouths to devour me

like a roaring lion that rips its prey.


sn The psalmist figuratively compares his enemies to dangerous bulls.

sn Bashan, located east of the Jordan River, was well-known for its cattle. See Ezek 39:18; Amos 4:1.

tn “They” refers to the psalmist’s enemies, who in the previous verse are described as “powerful bulls.”

tn Heb “they open against me their mouth[s].” To “open the mouth against” is a Hebrew idiom associated with eating and swallowing (see Ezek 2:8; Lam 2:16).

tn Heb “a lion ripping and roaring.”