6:1 Jesus 6 was going through the grain fields on 7 a Sabbath, 8 and his disciples picked some heads of wheat, 9 rubbed them in their hands, and ate them. 10
8:1 Some time 15 afterward 16 he went on through towns 17 and villages, preaching and proclaiming the good news 18 of the kingdom of God. 19 The 20 twelve were with him, 8:2 and also some women 21 who had been healed of evil spirits and disabilities: 22 Mary 23 (called Magdalene), from whom seven demons had gone out,
9:7 Now Herod 27 the tetrarch 28 heard about everything that was happening, and he was thoroughly perplexed, 29 because some people were saying that John 30 had been raised from the dead,
13:1 Now 36 there were some present on that occasion who told him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices. 37
13:31 At that time, 38 some Pharisees 39 came up and said to Jesus, 40 “Get away from here, 41 because Herod 42 wants to kill you.”
1 tn Grk “And behold.” Here καὶ ἰδού (kai idou) has been translated as “just then” to indicate the somewhat sudden appearance of the men carrying the paralytic. The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1), especially in conjunction with the suddenness of the stretcher-bearers’ appearance.
2 tn Grk “a man who was paralyzed”; the relative clause in Greek has adjectival force and has been simplified to a simple adjective in the translation.
3 tn Traditionally, “on a bed,” but this could be confusing to the modern reader who might envision a large piece of furniture. In various contexts, κλίνη (klinh) may be translated “bed, couch, cot, stretcher, or bier” (in the case of a corpse). See L&N 6.106.
4 tn Grk “stretcher, and.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Instead, because of the tendency of contemporary English to use shorter sentences, a new sentence was begun here in the translation.
5 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
7 tn Grk “Now it happened that on.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
8 tc Most later
9 tn Or “heads of grain.” While the generic term στάχυς (stacus) can refer to the cluster of seeds at the top of grain such as barley or wheat, in the NT the term is restricted to wheat (L&N 3.40; BDAG 941 s.v. 1).
10 tn Grk “picked and ate some heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands.” The participle ψώχοντες (ywconte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style, and the order of the clauses has been transposed to reflect the logical order, which sounds more natural in English.
11 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the centurion) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
12 tn The participle ἀκούσας (akousas) has been taken temporally.
13 sn Why some Jewish elders are sent as emissaries is not entirely clear, but the centurion was probably respecting ethnic boundaries, which were important in ancient Greco-Roman and Jewish culture. The parallel account in Matt 8:5-13 does not mention the emissaries.
14 tn The participle ἐλθών (elqwn) has been translated as an infinitive in parallel with διασώσῃ (diaswsh) due to requirements of contemporary English style.
15 tn Grk “And it happened that some time.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
16 tn Καθεξῆς (Kaqexh") is a general temporal term and need not mean “soon afterward”; see Luke 1:3; Acts 3:24; 11:4; 18:23 and L&N 61.1.
17 tn Or “cities.”
18 sn The combination of preaching and proclaiming the good news is a bit emphatic, stressing Jesus’ teaching ministry on the rule of God.
19 sn The kingdom of God is a major theme of Jesus. It is a realm in which Jesus rules and to which those who trust him belong. See Luke 6:20; 11:20; 17:20-21.
20 tn Grk “And the.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
21 sn There is an important respect shown to women in this text, as their contributions were often ignored in ancient society.
22 tn Or “illnesses.” The term ἀσθένεια (asqeneia) refers to the state of being ill and thus incapacitated in some way – “illness, disability, weakness.” (L&N 23.143).
23 sn This Mary is not the woman mentioned in the previous passage (as some church fathers claimed), because she is introduced as a new figure here. In addition, she is further specified by Luke with the notation called Magdalene, which seems to distinguish her from the woman at Simon the Pharisee’s house.
24 sn A sower went out to sow. The background for this well-known parable is a field through which a well-worn path runs in the Palestinian countryside. Sowing would occur in late fall or early winter (October to December) in the rainy season, looking for sprouting in April or May and a June harvest. The use of seed as a figure for God’s giving life has OT roots: Isa 55:10-11.
25 tn Luke’s version of the parable, like Mark’s (cf. Mark 4:1-9) uses the collective singular to refer to the seed throughout, so singular pronouns have been used consistently throughout this parable in the English translation. However, the parallel account in Matt 13:1-9 begins with plural pronouns in v. 4 but then switches to the collective singular in v. 5 ff.
26 tn Grk “the birds of the sky” or “the birds of the heaven”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated either “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context. The idiomatic expression “birds of the sky” refers to wild birds as opposed to domesticated fowl (cf. BDAG 809 s.v. πετεινόν).
27 sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas. See the note on Herod Antipas in 3:1.
28 sn See the note on tetrarch in 3:1.
29 tn Or “was very confused.” See L&N 32.10 where this verse is given as an example of the usage.
30 sn John refers to John the Baptist, whom Herod had beheaded (v. 9).
31 tn Grk “I tell you truly” (λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ἀληθῶς, legw de Jumin alhqw").
32 tn The Greek negative here (οὐ μή, ou mh) is the strongest possible.
33 tn Grk “will not taste.” Here the Greek verb does not mean “sample a small amount” (as a typical English reader might infer from the word “taste”), but “experience something cognitively or emotionally; come to know something” (cf. BDAG 195 s.v. γεύομαι 2).
34 sn The meaning of the statement that some will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God is clear at one level, harder at another. Jesus predicts some will experience the kingdom before they die. When does this happen? (1) An initial fulfillment is the next event, the transfiguration. (2) It is also possible in Luke’s understanding that all but Judas experience the initial fulfillment of the coming of God’s presence and rule in the work of Acts 2. In either case, the “kingdom of God” referred to here would be the initial rather than the final phase.
35 sn The expression the wisdom of God is a personification of an attribute of God that refers to his wise will.
36 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
37 sn This is an event that otherwise is unattested, though several events similar to it are noted in Josephus (J. W. 2.9.2-4 [2.169-177]; Ant. 13.13.5 [13.372-73], 18.3.1-2 [18.55-62]; 18.4.1 [18.85-87]). It would have caused a major furor.
38 tn Grk “At that very hour.”
39 sn See the note on Pharisees in 5:17.
40 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
41 tn Grk “Go away and leave from here,” which is redundant in English and has been shortened to “Get away from here.”
42 sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas. See the note on Herod Antipas in 3:1.
43 sn To confess Christ might well mean rejection by one’s own family, even by parents.
44 tn Grk “and brothers and relatives,” but καί (kai) has not been translated twice here since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
45 tn Grk “And the.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
46 tn Or “and the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.
47 tn Grk “were seeking how.”
48 tn The Greek verb here means “to get rid of by execution” (BDAG 64 s.v. ἀναιρέω 2; cf. also L&N 20.71, which states, “to get rid of someone by execution, often with legal or quasi-legal procedures”).
49 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
50 sn The suggestion here is that Jesus was too popular to openly arrest him. The verb were trying is imperfect. It suggests, in this context, that they were always considering the opportunities.
51 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
52 tn Here the pronoun αὐτόν (auton), referring to Jesus, is in an emphatic position. The one thing they lacked was solid evidence that he was alive.