19:41 Now 1 when Jesus 2 approached 3 and saw the city, he wept over it, 19:42 saying, “If you had only known on this day, 4 even you, the things that make for peace! 5 But now they are hidden 6 from your eyes. 19:43 For the days will come upon you when your enemies will build 7 an embankment 8 against you and surround you and close in on you from every side. 19:44 They will demolish you 9 – you and your children within your walls 10 – and they will not leave within you one stone 11 on top of another, 12 because you did not recognize the time of your visitation from God.” 13
19:45 Then 14 Jesus 15 entered the temple courts 16 and began to drive out those who were selling things there, 17
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
2 tn Grk “he.”
3 sn When Jesus approached and saw the city. This is the last travel note in Luke’s account (the so-called Jerusalem journey), as Jesus approached and saw the city before entering it.
4 sn On this day. They had missed the time of Messiah’s coming; see v. 44.
5 tn Grk “the things toward peace.” This expression seems to mean “the things that would ‘lead to,’ ‘bring about,’ or ‘make for’ peace.”
6 sn But now they are hidden from your eyes. This becomes an oracle of doom in the classic OT sense; see Luke 13:31-35; 11:49-51; Jer 9:2; 13:7; 14:7. They are now blind and under judgment (Jer 15:5; Ps 122:6).
7 sn Jesus now predicted the events that would be fulfilled in the fall of Jerusalem in
8 sn An embankment refers to either wooden barricades or earthworks, or a combination of the two.
9 tn Grk “They will raze you to the ground.”
sn The singular pronoun you refers to the city of Jerusalem personified.
10 tn Grk “your children within you.” The phrase “[your] walls” has been supplied in the translation to clarify that the city of Jerusalem, metaphorically pictured as an individual, is spoken of here.
11 sn (Not) one stone on top of another is an idiom for total destruction.
12 tn Grk “leave stone on stone.”
13 tn Grk “the time of your visitation.” To clarify what this refers to, the words “from God” are supplied at the end of the verse, although they do not occur in the Greek text.
sn You did not recognize the time of your visitation refers to the time God came to visit them. They had missed the Messiah; see Luke 1:68-79.
14 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
15 tn Grk “he.”
16 tn Grk “the temple” (also in v. 47).
sn The merchants (those who were selling things there) would have been located in the Court of the Gentiles.
17 sn Matthew (21:12-27), Mark (11:15-19) and Luke (here, 19:45-46) record this incident of the temple cleansing at the end of Jesus’ ministry. John (2:13-16) records a cleansing of the temple at the beginning of Jesus’ ministry. See the note on the word temple courts in John 2:14 for a discussion of the relationship of these accounts to one another.