Luke 1:27

1:27 to a virgin engaged ¹  to a man whose name was Joseph, a descendant of David, ²  and the virgin’s name was Mary.

Luke 1:38

1:38 So ³  Mary said, “Yes, ⁴  I am a servant ⁵  of the Lord; let this happen to me ⁶  according to your word.” ⁷  Then ⁸  the angel departed from her.

Luke 1:41

1:41 When ⁹  Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped ¹⁰  in her ¹¹  womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. ¹² 

Luke 2:22

Jesus’ Presentation at the Temple

2:22 Now ¹³  when the time came for their ¹⁴  purification according to the law of Moses, Joseph and Mary ¹⁵  brought Jesus ¹⁶  up to Jerusalem ¹⁷  to present him to the Lord

Luke 2:39

2:39 So ¹⁸  when Joseph and Mary ¹⁹  had performed ²⁰  everything according to the law of the Lord, ²¹  they returned to Galilee, to their own town ²²  of Nazareth. ²³ 

Luke 8:2

8:2 and also some women ²⁴  who had been healed of evil spirits and disabilities: ²⁵  Mary ²⁶  (called Magdalene), from whom seven demons had gone out,

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¹ tn Or “promised in marriage.”

² tn Grk “Joseph, of the house of David.”

sn The Greek word order here favors connecting Davidic descent to Joseph, not Mary, in this remark.

³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

⁴ tn Grk “behold.”

⁵ tn Traditionally, “handmaid”; Grk “slave woman.” Though δούλη (doulh) is normally translated “woman servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free woman serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times… in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v. δοῦλος). The most accurate translation is “bondservant,” sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος (doulos), in that it often indicates one who sells himself or herself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.

⁶ tn Grk “let this be to me.”

⁷ sn The remark according to your word is a sign of Mary’s total submission to God’s will, a response that makes her exemplary.

⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

⁹ tn Grk “And it happened that.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here either.

¹⁰ sn When the baby leaped John gave his first testimony about Jesus, a fulfillment of 1:15.

¹¹ tn The antecedent of “her” is Elizabeth.

¹² sn The passage makes clear that Elizabeth spoke her commentary with prophetic enablement, filled with the Holy Spirit.

¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

¹⁴ tc The translation follows most mss, including early and important ones ({א A B L}). Some copyists, aware that the purification law applied to women only, produced mss ({76 it^pt vg} [though the Latin word eius could be either masculine or feminine]) that read “her purification.” But the extant evidence for an unambiguous “her” is shut up to one late minuscule ({codex 76}) and a couple of patristic citations of dubious worth ({Pseudo-Athanasius} whose date is unknown, and the {Catenae in euangelia Lucae et Joannis}, edited by J. A. Cramer. The Catenae is a work of collected patristic sayings whose exact source is unknown [thus, it could come from a period covering hundreds of years]). A few other witnesses (D pc lat) read “his purification.” The KJV has “her purification,” following Beza’s Greek text (essentially a revision of Erasmus’). Erasmus did not have it in any of his five editions. Most likely Beza put in the feminine form αὐτῆς (auths) because, recognizing that the eius found in several Latin mss could be read either as a masculine or a feminine, he made the contextually more satisfying choice of the feminine. Perhaps it crept into one or two late Greek witnesses via this interpretive Latin back-translation. So the evidence for the feminine singular is virtually nonexistent, while the masculine singular αὐτοῦ (autou, “his”) was a clear scribal blunder. There can be no doubt that “their purification” is the authentic reading.

tn Or “when the days of their purification were completed.” In addition to the textual problem concerning the plural pronoun (which apparently includes Joseph in the process) there is also a question whether the term translated “purification” (καθαρισμός, kaqarismo") refers to the time period prescribed by the Mosaic law or to the offering itself which marked the end of the time period (cf. NLT, “it was time for the purification offering”).

sn Exegetically the plural pronoun “their” creates a problem. It was Mary’s purification that was required by law, forty days after the birth (Lev 12:2-4). However, it is possible that Joseph shared in a need to be purified by having to help with the birth or that they also dedicated the child as a first born (Exod 13:2), which would also require a sacrifice that Joseph would bring. Luke’s point is that the parents followed the law. They were pious.

¹⁵ tn Grk “they”; the referents (Joseph and Mary) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁶ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁷ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

¹⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the conclusion of the topic.

¹⁹ tn Grk “when they”; the referents (Joseph and Mary) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

²⁰ tn Or “completed.”

²¹ sn On the phrase the law of the Lord see Luke 2:22-23.

²² tn Or “city.”

²³ map For location see Map1-D3; Map2-C2; Map3-D5; Map4-C1; Map5-G3.

²⁴ sn There is an important respect shown to women in this text, as their contributions were often ignored in ancient society.

²⁵ tn Or “illnesses.” The term ἀσθένεια (asqeneia) refers to the state of being ill and thus incapacitated in some way – “illness, disability, weakness.” (L&N 23.143).

²⁶ sn This Mary is not the woman mentioned in the previous passage (as some church fathers claimed), because she is introduced as a new figure here. In addition, she is further specified by Luke with the notation called Magdalene, which seems to distinguish her from the woman at Simon the Pharisee’s house.